This article examines the problem of control and management in transport systems using the example of passenger rail rolling stock operation processes using information technology and automation tools. The main proposed methods for improving the efficiency of vehicle operation management are the use of digital modeling of transport complex objects and processes and the automation of probabilistic-statistical analysis of data on the technical and operational characteristics of the system. The objective of the study is to improve the operational efficiency, reliability, and safety of passenger rail rolling stock by developing digital twins of the rolling stock and digital models of its operation processes. The main objectives of the study are to develop approaches to automating methods of  analysis of the flow of data on the operation and technical condition of passenger rolling stock, as well as to develop a concept for applying digital modeling to solve current problems of passenger rail transport. The research hypothesis is based on the assumption of the effectiveness of applying new information technologies to solving practical problems of rolling stock operation management. The use of digital models of rolling stock units and the digitalization of the repair process are considered. The paper proposes the use of automated Pareto analysis methods for data on technical failures of railcars and least-squares modeling of distribution and density functions for passenger wagon operating indicators as continuous random variables. It is demonstrated that digital modeling of transport system objects and processes using big data analysis enables the improvement of transportation processes. General recommendations are provided for the use of information tools to improve the management of passenger rolling stock operations in rail transport.

Keywords: information technologies, digital modeling, digital twin, automated control, system analysis, process approach, reliability, rolling stock operation, maintenance and repair, monitoring systems

The article is devoted to the study of the flow rate depending on the pressure in the gas supply system of the plasma head. The problem was solved by conducting a computer experiment with subsequent verification of the results by a full-scale experiment. The laboratory plasma installation MAK-10 assembled on the basis of the IMET UB RAS, used in the processes of coating, powder production and surface modification of parts, was simulated. The computer experiment was carried out using the SolidWorks Flow Simulation software package. As a result of the work performed, the distribution of the flow rate along its axis was demonstrated during the operation of the plasma installation with a pressure in the gas supply system of 0.1; 0.2 and 0.3 MPa. Recommendations for conducting coating, powder production and surface modification processes have been developed, which have practical benefits for consumers of process equipment.

Keywords: mathematical model, flow, velocity, pressure, plasma method, powder production, coating, surface modification

An experimental device designed for the detection of peripheral veins during the injection and infusion was developed on the basis of recording the difference in the intensity of the optical signal reflected from the vessels and surrounding tissues. The device allows to perform the detection of the locations of vessels, to determine their projection, to confidently distinguish veins and arteries. The effectiveness of the application is shown in tests on healthy people and patients with diabetic angiopathy. The device is very compact, has a simple design and low cost.

Keywords: infrared light, optical pair, photodiode, LED, introscopy, vascular detection, complicated intravenous access, peripheral vein, photoplethysmography, angiopathy

In the article results of approbation of the experimental devices designed for visualization of blood vessels developed by the authors are presented. Experimental device number one is an emitter of infrared light, the experimental device number two is a emitter of visible red light. Devices can be recommended for use in patients with no factors impeding vascular imaging and in patients with elevated body mass index.

Keywords: infrared radiation, optical pair, photodiode, LED, introscopy, visible red light, vascular detection, complicated intravenous access, peripheral vein

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