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Main methods used in the design of earthquake-resistant objects

Abstract

Main methods used in the design of earthquake-resistant objects

Evtushenko I.I., Tyutina A.D., Kudryuashov D.I., Nuriev V.E.

Incoming article date: 21.01.2019

The traditional approach to designing seismic resistant buildings is to provide the building with strength, rigidity and inelastic deformation capacity. modern methods of protection, in contrast, are not to strengthen the building, but in its ability to relax forces and stresses. There are three main methods used in the design of earthquake-resistant objects. 1. The use of seismic insulating basement. This system provides isolation only in the horizontal direction and is rigid or semi-rigid in the vertical direction. 2. The use of devices that dissipate the energy of an earthquake. In the building, seismic dampers are installed, which reduce the magnitude of vibrations, turning the kinetic energy of the vibrations into thermal energy. 3. Installation of active seismic resistance monitoring systems (active method). Such an active feedback control system contains three main elements: a. Sensors for measuring external excitation; b. Computer hardware and software; c. Drives to provide the necessary control forces. At present, the most popular is the hybrid method of semi-active control, which combines the advantages of a seismoisolating basement with passive shock absorbers, which is much more economical in comparison with the active method.

Keywords: seismic resistance, high-rise building, earthquake, seismic isolation foundation, “levitating” house, damper, deformation, structural reaction, passive, active, semi-active control system