Management of fire and rescue units during rescue of people from public buildings by gas and smoke protection service units
Abstract
Management of fire and rescue units during rescue of people from public buildings by gas and smoke protection service units
Incoming article date: 21.04.2025The aim of the study is to analyze modern models and algorithms for managing fire and rescue units during rescue of people in different types of public buildings. Research methods: general scientific methods (analysis and synthesis of information, comparison). The article provides a literature review of current methods and algorithms for managing fire and rescue units during rescue of people. Based on previous studies, three main approaches are identified: approaches based on technical superiority; approaches based on mathematical modeling; approaches based on taking into account the individual characteristics of the places where fire and rescue operations are carried out. The advantages and disadvantages of each approach are highlighted in terms of the effectiveness of their use in rescuing people in public buildings. When analyzing previous approaches, it is concluded that at the moment there is no methodology for substantiating the tactical capabilities of gas and smoke protection service units during fire and rescue operations depending on the technical characteristics of the premises and the number of people. The combination of mathematical modeling and consideration of individual characteristics of public buildings seems to be the most effective method of managing fire and rescue units. The study concludes that it is necessary to create an algorithm for the movement of gas and smoke protection service units that will take into account the characteristics of buildings, combustion products and the time of rescuing people. The scientific novelty of the study is due to the following elements: a systematization is proposed, and an assessment of the advantages and disadvantages of models and algorithms for managing fire and rescue services is performed; a scheme of measures for managing fire and rescue units is proposed, which takes into account the functional tasks of the fire and rescue garrison, guard service and work with the population. The scheme for managing fire and rescue units assumes both work with the entire fire and rescue garrison and with individual guard services of the fire protection service, with the population and the administration of public buildings. The proposed scheme complements the existing theoretical knowledge about the organization of the work of fire and rescue units and the management of their work when rescuing people in different types of public buildings.
Keywords: fire and rescue unit, public building, gas and smoke protection service, fire safety, method, model, algorithm