The article is devoted to the development of training systems for training specialists in automation and informatization. The structure and mathematical model of a training system (TS) were developed to control skills in training these specialists (in particular, in the basics of programming). The parameters of the mathematical model are based on the representation of knowledge about the studied objects and processes in the field of development of automated information systems, which allows using TS to automatically generate and evaluate small practical tasks for students. A prototype of TS software in the form of a web application has been developed. In a practical aspect, the use of TS in the educational process in the disciplines in the field of programming will reduce the proportion of labor-intensive work of the teacher in compiling and checking assignments.

Keywords: information technologies in education, training system, control of knowledge and skills, high-level programming languages

The article presents the results of the development of research in the field of automated training of operators of technological processes (on the example of loading and unloading machines) on computer training complexes (CTC). A feature of the developed CTCs is an intelligent automated system (AS) for monitoring the formation of sensorimotor skills, based on mathematical models and algorithms for representing knowledge about the technological process, automated design of training courses for professional training of operators in a virtual production environment, and automatic assessment of the formation of skills. The use of CTC for training operators of loading and unloading machines based on an intelligent AS helps to improve the quality of the formation of professional skills for the effective and safe implementation of technological processes in various fields (for example, river and sea ports, construction, mining) based on the results of training courses.

Keywords: loading and unloading machines, technological process, computer training complex, professional skills, sensorimotor skills, intelligent automated systems

The article presents the results of the development of research in the field of automated teaching of foreign languages (on the example of English) on a mobile device with the IOS operating system. A feature of the developed simulator-training system (TOS) is the possibility of forming an individual approach to teaching students to improve the quality of education, using theoretical and practical material, based on the performance of the student. The introduction of TOS contributes to improving the quality of education due to the ease of mastering the material, as well as a clear control of the topics studied. The relevance of the developed application is determined by the popularity and availability of mobile devices, as well as the high prospects for the implementation of applications (in particular, in the field of education and self-education) for this platform.

Keywords: training systems, mobile devices, foreign languages, training, mobile application, IOS, Apple, information technology

The features of the mathematical, algorithmic and software of the developed simulator-training system (STS) for the control of visual modeling skills in the preparation of students in areas of automation, informatization, robotization are considered. The use of STS allows you to automatically generate individual options for practical tasks for the development and analysis of visual models, automatically evaluate the correctness of the tasks performed by students, form advising influences for the student (remarks and recommendations for a better understanding of the topic under study). The use of STS in the process of monitoring the initial skills of visual modeling in students will: reduce the need for manual compilation of a large number of options for tasks by the teacher and subsequent verification of the results of their implementation; improve the quality of education, taking into account the specifics of the areas of student training under consideration.

Keywords: information systems in education, training system, automated control of knowledge and skills, visual modeling, unified modeling language (UML)

This article describes the results of research on the possibility of detecting sunflower plants from photographs taken by a UAV. The solution to this problem will allow automated control of an important agricultural parameter - seedling density. The problem is complicated by the limited amount of training sample and "disturbances" associated with field weeding. As the result we obtain that the YOLOv5m neural network is capable on a sample of 122 pictures to qualitatively detect plants with an error of 0.077% of training. Artificially increasing the sample to 363 pictures reduces the learning error to 0.063%. Disturbances reduce the detection efficiency of sunflower plants in the test images. It is possible to increase the detection efficiency either by adding original images to the training sample or by artificially enlarging the sample.

Keywords: detection, YOLOv5, sunflower, seedling density, neural network

In a number of branches of agricultural production, including agriculture, land reclamation, etc., there are problems, the solution of which requires the use of artificial intelligence. In particular, the assessment of the reclamation state of agricultural fields in large areas is a very time-consuming task, even with the use of unmanned aerial vehicles. To automate these intelligent approaches, it is effective to use artificial neural networks (INS) implemented in the form of computer programs. The use of software as a service (SaaS) is a modern approach to computer support of various intelligent production processes, including agricultural. Agriculture is a promising industry for the introduction of such technologies. The aim of the study is to develop a methodology and create a cloud-based SaaS system for identifying defective areas of agricultural fields based on INS. The development of neural network technologies and cloud services makes it possible to process a large amount of information in the cloud and provide user access to computing power. The article describes the methodology of building a service architecture for recognizing problem areas of cultivated agricultural fields, data preparation, network training, development of client and server parts. Such implementation is possible with the use of such technologies and tools as CUDA, CNN, PyTorch. As a result, the strengths and weaknesses of their use for solving the problem of image recognition on the example of problem areas of agricultural fields were identified. It has been established that classification-type INS are capable of solving problems of recognizing the reclamation state of fields, and modern information technologies make it possible to transfer calculations to the cloud, while the cloud service can be monetized as a SaaS model.

Keywords: agriculture, color images, SaaS system, artificial neural network, image classification

Artificial intelligence methods can be used to solve the problems of agricultural production. Assessing the condition of crops in large areas, even with the use of unmanned aerial vehicles, is a time-consuming task. The peculiarities of the task of such an assessment are the multifactorial nature of the analyzed structures, which require the use of a systematic approach at all stages of the study from the formation of a database of color images to the intelligent solution of problems of their analysis. The results of the analysis of the U-net architecture of the INS and its limitations for the problem of image segmentation are presented. The purpose of the study is to substantiate the architecture of the segmentation artificial neural network (INS) to identify problem areas of agricultural fields. The hypothesis of the segmentation network advantage was tested on the DeepLabV3 ResNet50 architecture. Numerical experiments have established that the increase in the accuracy of segmentation of images of agricultural fields is constrained by the limited resolution and accuracy of manual markup dataset. The built architectures can be used as an algorithmic core for creating SaaS systems, while the performance of the used configuration of the INS can be crucial.

Keywords: color images, segmentation task, agropole plots, deep neural network, INS architecture, convolutional layers

The article shows the results of the dispersion analysis of natural dust in the steppe zone of the Volgograd region, obtained using a microscopic method. The integral functions and distribution of small particles in the selected samples after the application of the "dissection" method for particles up to 20 µm are presented.

Keywords: particle, dust, sample, dust of natural origin, dispersed composition, PM2.5, PM10, PM20

The results of studies of wet gas purification in a countercurrent scrubber for the purification of hydrogen sulfide-containing combined-cycle waste from oil and gas industry enterprises, and wastewater treatment and transportation systems are presented. A technical and economic comparison of various technologies for the purification of hydrogen sulfide-containing gas mixtures is presented

Keywords: steam-gas waste, hydrogen sulfide, hydrogen sulfide-containing gas mixtures, gas purification, electrochemical oxidation, electrolysis

The article presents a modern technological solution in the field of preparation of hydrogen sulfide natural waters for domestic and drinking and technical purposes. The developed technology of iron-catalytic purification of natural hydrogen sulfide-containing waters in a reactor with an ultrafiltration separator is easy to operate, a small amount of peripheral equipment and a high speed of processes, and also has no by-products and is completely environmentally safe. The proposed technological parameters are experimentally obtained and confirmed using approved scientifically based methods of analysis, the use of metrologically certified instruments and equipment, a large amount of experimental data and their high convergence with calculated values. The presented solution can be recommended for use at water treatment facilities for the purposes of water supply to enterprises, small blue areas and individual households.

Keywords: purification of natural hydrogen sulfide waters, groundwater treatment technology, water treatment, hydrogen sulfide, catalytic iron oxidation, atmospheric oxygen, iron hydroxide, membrane separation, ultrafiltration, innovative technologies

The article presents the results of a study of an automated system of commercial accounting of energy resources. The open architecture of the top-level software of the automated information and measurement system of commercial electricity metering, based on WEB technologies, has been developed and tested, which will allow further research and scientific activities in the field of mathematical and software processing of data on electricity consumption. A module of planning and management of enterprise resources has been developed for the implementation of AIIS KUE in the MCD based on the developed diagram of use cases.

Keywords: WEB technology, automated information and measurement system, electricity, energy consumption, automatic control

This publication is devoted to the method of applying coatings from various materials to carbide cutting tools by the method of electrospark alloying, as well as the experience of using this method in practice. The formation of the surface layer, its structure were studied, and cutting tests were carried out. It has been found that nickel and aluminum coatings are more resistant than copper and zinc coatings.

Keywords: coating, carbide, cutting tool, wear, electrospark alloying, roughness, hardness

The article is devoted to the development of models and algorithms for calculating control (advisory) actions when training operators of technological processes (on the example of reloading processes and, in particular, portal cranes) on computer training complexes (CTC). A complex of models and algorithms is proposed, based on which control actions are calculated regarding discrete crane controls and the possibility of moving the load to a target position with minimization of oscillations at the end point is provided. These models and algorithms use variable parameters of the technological process, described by linguistic variables, and customizable characteristics of crane models and engines, which allows calculating control actions depending on the type of crane, the specifics of the technological process, the training methodology used for operators and other significant factors. Application of the advisory system based on the developed models and algorithms promotes to improve the training process for operators of reloading cranes at CTC and, as a result, to reduce the probability of emergency situations, reduce time and energy costs.

Keywords: computer simulator, reloading processes, portal crane, advisory system, control actions, mathematical modeling, fuzzy logic controller

Results: in this article, the authors reviewed the process of workforce planning on the example of 3 General Contracting organizations. Having the technical documentation on the objects of the General contractors under consideration, the authors were able to deduce the number of workers during the construction of buildings. After analyzing the available statistics, we made a number of graphs showing the movement of monolithic teams on the objects. Based on the resulting graphs, the authors determined the average deviation of the actual number of monoliths from the planned one. Conclusions: the authors analyzed the dynamics of the construction of characteristic objects of different General Contracting organizations, indicating the difference in the values of the planned (projected) and actual labor resources at the facilities. Also, in this article the authors consider a number of the most used in the construction industry software systems for automation of labor resource planning processes, made their analysis and comparison of the main features and characteristics.

Keywords: Software systems in planning, current planning, labor resource, systematization of labor resource fluctuations, automation of planning, production program, labor resource planning

The article is devoted to the design and specifics of the operation of an LED variable irradiation installation for growing plants. The peculiarity of the proposed installation is the periodically changing intensity of irradiation, achieved by alternately switching on and off LED radiation sources. This approach allows you to reduce the power of the power source, which leads to a reduction in the cost of the installation design, improve the quality of the products obtained, thanks to uniform irradiation of plants and reduce the energy intensity of the growing process.

Keywords: led installation, irradiation installation, energy saving, variable irradiation, control unit, microcontroller