An overview of the current state of the design of building objects is presented, and the possibilities for improving its quality are described based on the AutoCAD computer-aided design system, the development of which begins at the university level. Describes the sequence of building a plan for a one-story building using AutoCAD.

Keywords: Construction, design, project documentation, drawings, AutoCAD, engineering and computer graphics

The article considers a number of proposals aimed at improving the efficiency of the design, training and operation of neural network models within the framework of control systems for complex objects. This includes: organization of processing of networks of large dimenstionality; development of neuroevolutionary procedures; providing opportunities for the formation of neural network models in a single cycle of designing automated systems. The hierarchical construction of network structures is considered as an apparatus that provids work with network models of high dimensionality. At the same time, unlike the traditional approach associated with cutting the graph of an already synthesized model, the article proposes procedures for synthesizing a generalized model from structural elements. The formal descriptions of structural synthesis introduced in the article can serve as a basis for organizing software and hardware interfaces of the forming models. The formation of such neural network structures within control systems is associated with the proposed and described concept of neural network regulators as the basic elements of building intelligent automated systems. The article also examines and describes as a neuroelement a model of a dynamic neuron with a state memory, allowing to implement the mechanism of self-evolutionary development of the network directly in the course of its operation.

Keywords: control / management system, dynamic neuron, neural network model, hierarchical structure, self-evolution mechanism

The article is devoted to the study of the impact of information technology on the organization of labor protection. The applied significance of the research is that modern approaches to the organization of labor protection imply a wide use of information technologies. Informational support of labor protection is an important part of a systematic approach to ensuring safety, improving working conditions and reducing occupational risks. The paper describes the economic efficiency of creating an information and analytical system for labor protection. In the course of the system research, the main functions were identified that should be implemented by the information system using modules. Considered 6 main objectives of the study.This work is relevant due to the fact that the results of the study can be used in higher education institutions to optimize their work. The author analyzed the result of the study, noting the importance of introducing an information and analytical system for labor protection in connection with its practical and economic feasibility for higher education institutions with a large number of employees and, consequently, with a large amount of information that needs daily processing and analysis.

Keywords: information and analytical system, labor protection, module, injuries, social policy, information technologies

The article discusses the comparison of polyethylene and steel pipelines. The definition of coefficient of temperature linear expansion for polyethylene pipelines is given. The analysis of existing methods to determine the linear dimensions of compensators and their compensating ability was carried out. The analysis of the obtained dependences showed that the calculated compensating ability, in some cases, exceeds the geometric dimensions of the compensator. The method for determining the compensating ability is determined.

Keywords: coefficient of temperature linear expansion, linear size of the compensator, polyethylene pipe, compensating ability

The article discusses structural membranes as modern building materials used to form the facades of buildings and structures. Paper give their detailed characteristics, physico-chemical properties and conditions of use. Two types of composite material from which the membranes are made are described: textiles and foil, their components, individual characteristics, method of manufacture. Further examples of specific modern buildings facades analyzed performance properties of membranes isolated main advantages and disadvantages of this technology. In conclusion, the authors, on the basis of the research done, conclude about the advantages of using this material in the construction industry, as well as express their assumption about the development and new possibilities of its practical application.

Keywords: Architecture, facade, structural building membrane, material

The article deals with the problem of the functional state of the bridge park in Russia. The statistics of the number of bridges, newly built bridges. Attention is focused on the inconsistency of old bridges with modern regulatory requirements for safety, carrying capacity, and carrying capacity. Noted on the relevance of flood impact on bridges and roads. The causes of occurrence are described. The problem of flood forecasting is highlighted. Examples of accidents of bridge structures from the effects of water flow are given: sediment, roll of supports and abutments, erosion of the embankment approach. Based on the situation in the city of Chita, the statistics of the frequency of flooding in different years are given, the critical levels of these disasters are indicated, and statistics on the consequences of the impact of the flood is given. The impact of the normative water flow is considered, and it is proposed to analyze the effect of the excess flow arising from the maximum level of bottling. Presents the results of calculations for which comparisons are made of various approaches to determine the depth of erosion of the channel.

Keywords: bridges, flood impact, safety, bridge destruction, regulatory documents, erosion depth, water flow

The distribution center is one of the main elements of the distribution system, which forms the structure of the movement of resources. It is responsible for ensuring the efficient allocation of the flow of resources. The effective location of the distribution center allows you to reduce the cost of allocating resources to 30%. The method of solving the problem of effectively securing demand zones for a particular distribution center is proposed in this article. The uncertainty of the initial parameters is taken into account when solving this problem. The result of solving the problem of determining the effective location of distribution centers is a set of fuzzy intervals. These intervals determine the coordinates of the location depending on the parameters of the task, namely, the demand of consumers, the capacity of distribution centers, the distance between the resource consumers and the center. The location of the distribution center will be determined not by a specific numerical value, but by a fuzzy interval that will determine the region of the best location. A software application is developed that allows you to specify parameters in a fuzzy interval form, on the basis of which the results of solving the problem are formed. The cost of delivering resources to consumers changes significantly with the change in the number and location of distribution centers, so the issue of rational distribution and the number of centers is important. This task becomes especially relevant when a new distribution system is being designed, or the existing system is being modernized.

Keywords: distribution centers, the demand, the uncertainty of the initial parameters of the fuzzy intervals, potential interactions, grouping

The article discusses the possibility of applying the control theory algorithm when organizing express delivery of goods, in order to reduce transport costs of enterprises engaged in transportation of small-lot cargoes

Keywords: express delivery, forwarding services, transport company, control theory, mathematical method, transport network, sum method, block diagram

The subject of the research is the possibility of using information modeling in the organizational and technological design of the construction of various objects. The purpose of the study is to identify the main parameters of the information model used for construction design. In the course of the work, an analysis of current work on this topic was made and the need to improve the quality of organizational and technological design in construction was identified. The article discusses the main tasks of organizational and technological design and examples of the possible simplification of their solution by using the information model of the object. Affected use in project development: 3D, 4D, 5D, and 6D simulations. Improving computer technology in this area makes it possible to minimize construction time and make the process of building buildings and structures cost-effective.

Keywords: information modeling, design, organization of the country, operation, scheduling, construction

In modern Russia, market relations determine the direction of capital investments in the oil and gas industry. Preference is given to capital investments in profitable and fast-paying construction projects.. Increasing the efficiency of capital investments with their relative reduction can be achieved with the full intensification of oil and gas construction, which creates fixed assets for the oil and gas industry. The criterion for improving the efficiency of construction production can be called a reduction in the estimated cost of construction projects, reducing production costs with the growth of national income. Differences in the domestic and foreign assessment of the efficiency of capital investments in the oil and gas complex are due to the peculiarities of the construction process in this industry. Therefore, the methodology of a clear distinction in certain areas of construction, considering the construction industry as a process that ensures the development of the oil and gas industry as a whole, will assess the effectiveness of capital investments in the construction of oil and gas facilities for the entire period of investment.

Keywords: organization of construction, oil and gas facilities, technological processes of construction, efficiency of capital investments

Appointment of forensic construction and technical expertise in the practice of an expert is a prerequisite for collecting evidence and materials related to the construction site and the territories functionally associated with them, which for the practical application of the courts are an important factor when deciding in favor of a particular party to the proceedings (dispute). The problems arising in the process of the case under study are objective and legal in nature.

Keywords: judicial construction and technical expertise, expert, court, criminal justice, civil justice, problems of practice, procedural action, expert opinion, court decision

The comparison of different methods of selection of signs for identification of objects on digital images of microscopic preparations of sputum, colored by the method of tsilya-Nilsen. The following methods were considered: the method of intersections, Shannon, kulbaka and accumulated frequencies. It is concluded that the method of intersections allows the selection of features from the entire feature space so that the classification models allow to obtain the maximum accuracy of classification with the least number of input parameters.

Keywords: method Ziehl-Nielsen, object recognition, image recognition, selection of features, the method of cumulative frequencies, the method of Shannon, Kullback, the method of intersections, logistic regression, classification tree, discriminant analysis

This article is dedicated to one of the symbols of Volgograd city, which is the Astrakhanskiy Bridge. We described the history of creation and the technical specifications of the bridge over the Tsaritsa river. After conducting an investigation, some defects in the bridge construction were uncovered. The framework arcs have longitudinal cracks, the protective layer of concrete is destroyed; the longitudinal main reinforcement is exposed and corroded. The protective layer of concrete was removed and the longitudinal main reinforcement was corroded on the longitudinal beams. During operation of the bridge, the defects that decrease load capacity and durability appeared: destruction of the protective layer of concrete on a plate of about 2 square meters. This led to the beginning of corrosion of the lower reinforcement net. Steel brackets, holding the walkway slabs, are heavily corroded; the protective paint coating on them is destroyed over significant lengths. The analysis of detected damage allowed to evaluate their impact on the durability and load capacity of the construction and determine those, who are responsible for its occurrence. It is noted that postponing of repair operations has a negative impact on the state of the bridge.

Keywords: bridge, city symbol, superstructure, roadway plate, defects, arch, bridge system, bearing structures, durability, load capacity

The methods of injection fixing the soils of the base under the foundations of cultural heritage are considered. The specific examples show the features of soil consolidation by cementation and silicatization methods. The technological features of soil consolidation, taking into account the material of the foundations and the technical condition of cultural heritage sites are given

Keywords: cementation, silicatization, injector, soil, consolidation, foundation, object of cultural heritage, sediment, subsidence, deformation

In this article, a prototype of a multichannel digital ammeter will be considered. The structural scheme and algorithm of the program for the microcontroller is presented.

Keywords: ammeter, digital ammeter, multichannel digital ammeter, prototype ammeter, Hall sensor, Hall effect