The paper considers an approach to choosing a tool for investigating vulnerabilities in the Active Directory directory service, which contains information of primary value to intruders, making it possible to determine the best point of entry into the system and develop the optimal strategy and tactics to implement the most effective and fastest attack. As part of this work, an analysis of possible directory service threats has been carried out and a classification of attacks on Active Directory has been provided. The classification of tools used to obtain useful information from Active Directory is given. The possibilities of Cobalt Strike as a tool for threat emulation and post-operational tasks based on a hidden agent and an updated database of attacking scripts are considered. The analysis of the practical implementation of cyber attacks using the tool Cobalt Strike over the past few years has been carried out. The methodology of such cyber attacks has been studied and detailed step by step.

Keywords: information security, cyberattack, attack scenarios, threat analysis, directory service, Active Directory, Cobalt Strike

This paper examines an approach to comprehensively ensuring the security of mobile devices, which are the primary tools for communication, banking, and the use of medical services containing passwords, documents, and correspondence. Mobile device security is examined at several levels. Protection levels for mobile platforms, applications, telecom operators, and the user level are highlighted. An analysis of attacks on mobile devices is conducted, and the vectors of the most common attack types are identified. A comparative analysis of iOS and Android mobile platforms was conducted, highlighting their strengths and weaknesses. The main areas of mobile device security implemented by telecom operators were analyzed. Several successful attacks on mobile banking systems were analyzed, and a classification of the main threats to mobile banking was provided.

Keywords: mobile device protection, cyberattack, attack vector, Android, iOS, application protection methods, mobile banking systems

The paper addresses the problem of automated detection of destructive verbal impacts in user-generated content of digital platforms as an element of information security assurance. A method for context-semantic identification of aggressive and discriminatory statements based on the RuBERT transformer model fine-tuned on a specialized annotated corpus of Russian-language messages is proposed. The procedures of data preparation, training of a binary classifier, and probabilistic interpretation of the results are described. Experimental evaluation confirms the effectiveness and robustness of the method with respect to lexical variability and context-dependent forms of verbal aggression, as well as the possibility of its integration into automated systems for monitoring and protection of the information space.

Keywords: information security, destructive content, verbal aggression, automatic moderation, context-semantic analysis, transformer model, RuBERT, binary classification, machine learning, natural language processing, monitoring system, intelligent filtering

The article provides an overview of the practical aspects of the transition to a microservice architecture. The issues of preparing the organization and the team for transformation (including the culture of integration of development and operation and the structure of teams), strategies for step-by-step migration from monolithic systems (including the "suffocating vine" and anti-layer patterns), methodological principles of designing the boundaries of microservices (within the framework of domain-oriented design and principles of weak connectivity), the organization of processes are considered. development and continuous deployment, as well as instrumental support: containerization, orchestration, software interface gateway, monitoring and logging. Typical problems and risks (distributed monolith, duplication of logic and data, complexities of transactional consistency and scaling) and examples of successful cases (Netflix, Amazon) are given. The article is aimed at practitioners and contains recommendations for the successful implementation of microservice architecture.

Keywords: microservice architecture, microservices, development and operation integration, continuous integration, continuous deployment, containerization, orchestration, software interface gateway, monitoring, domain-oriented design

The article presents a hybrid neural network for estimating the mass of a car and the longitudinal/transverse slopes of a road, combining a square-root sigma-point Kalman filter and a neural network model based on a transformer encoder using cross-attention to the evaluation residuals. The proposed approach combines the physical interpretability of the filter with the high approximation capability of the neural network. To ensure implementation on embedded electronic control units, the model was simplified by converting knowledge into a compact network of long-term short-term memory. The results of experiments in various scenarios showed a reduction in the average error by more than 25% with a computational delay of less than 0.3 ms.

Keywords: vehicle condition assessment, road slope assessment, vehicle mass assessment, transformer neural network, cross-focus, adaptive filtering, knowledge distillation, square-root sigma-dot Kalman filter, intelligent vehicles, sensor fusion

The integration of artificial intelligence into mobile devices is fraught with serious challenges, especially due to the limited resources available and the requirements for real-time data processing. The article discusses modern approaches to reducing computing costs and resources in systems for mobile objects with artificial intelligence, including model optimization, and computing allocation strategies for mobile platforms with limited resources.

Keywords: artificial intelligence, moving objects, lightweight models, peripheral models, hardware acceleration, knowledge distillation, quantization

The study addresses the problem of reducing the probability of emergency situations involving unmanned aerial systems. Accidents are regarded as outcomes of combinations of events that are individually of relatively low hazard. Causal relationships are represented by fault trees, in which the root node corresponds to an accident, the leaves correspond to basic events, and intermediate nodes describe their logical combinations. Accident scenarios are associated with the minimal cut sets of the fault tree. To identify accident prevention strategies, the concept of successful-operation paths is employed. Each such path is defined as a set of nodes having a non-empty intersection with all minimal cut sets. It is assumed that preventing all events included in a successful-operation path renders the development of accident scenarios impossible.
The study additionally accounts for the fact that the same flight mission may be executed along routes of differing complexity. Route complexity influences the cost estimates of measures aimed at preventing the events that form accident-related combinations. A model example is provided that includes the assessment of the complexity of two routes, a table of mitigation costs for basic events, and the selection of an appropriate successful-operation path for accident prevention. The proposed methodology is intended to reduce the probability of the realization of accident-inducing event combinations to an acceptable level while adhering to operational constraints and the mission-specific requirements of the flight task.

Keywords: unmanned aerial systems, emergency combination of events, fault tree, route complexity, logical-probabilistic security analysis

The article presents the results of calculations of the stress-strain state of the Sophie Germain-Lagrange plate obtained using approximate methods for solving differential equations: the Bubnov-Galerkin method, the finite difference method and the differential quadrature method. It is shown that the differential quadrature method using the Chebyshev grid is an effective method for solving bending problems of thin rectangular plates and allows obtaining high-precision results using a limited number of nodes.

Keywords: differential equation, approximate solution, differential quadrature method, Chebyshev grid, Sophie Germain-Lagrange plate, plate bending, stress-strain state

The article provides an overview of the most pressing issues arising from the widespread use of LED lamps in buildings and structures. This work is a precursor to a series of articles devoted to research in this field. The features of operation of electric lamps currently used in lighting systems are considered. The influence of lighting quality on human health and the effect of lamps on the electrical network is shown. The radiation spectra of lamps and their key difference from the natural solar spectrum are considered. The article presents the influence of the nature of the nonlinearity of the load of electric lamps on the quality of the power supply network and its individual components. The characteristic of the service life of energy-saving lamps is given.

Keywords: lighting, fixtures, lamps, lighting spectrum, nonlinear load, harmonic distortion, duration of operation, LED

The article presents the results of a comprehensive analysis of existing methods and approaches to prevent progressive collapse of reinforced concrete structures.  As part of the work, a systematic study was conducted of both the theoretical foundations of the phenomenon of progressive collapse and practical methods for ensuring structural stability. The theoretical basis of the work was made up of domestic regulatory and technical documents, as well as scientific publications and specialized research in the field of survivability of building structures. The practical significance of the research lies in the systematization of knowledge about methods of countering progressive collapse, which is valuable for design engineers working to create safe and reliable structures. The results of the study can be used to further improve approaches to the design of structures, taking into account the requirements of resistance to progressive collapse.

Keywords: progressive collapse, structural survivability, construction, reinforced concrete, large-panel building, monolithic reinforced concrete building, loss of stability, primary structural system, secondary structural system, volumetric and planning solution

The article presents an analysis of the quality of services to assess the originality of the "anti-plagiarism" text using the example of texts generated by a neural network. For the analysis, three originality assessment services and texts generated by three different neural networks were used.

Keywords: text originality, anti-plagiarism, neural networks, text analysis, borrowings

This paper presents a decision support model for responding to forest fires in mountainous areas using fuzzy logic. The research methods include the Mamdani method for constructing a fuzzy inference system, the use of linguistic variables to describe environmental conditions and risk factors, and the formation of a rule base based on expert knowledge. The developed model implements the principles of situational management and enables determination of the fire danger level, selection of extinguishing methods, response tactics, and optimal resource allocation. Its practical significance lies in the potential application of the model in decision support systems of the Russian Ministry of Emergency Situations for operational planning and forecasting during forest fire suppression in challenging mountainous conditions.

Keywords: forest fires, mountainous terrain, fuzzy logic, decision support, intelligent systems, situational management

This article examines the problem of control and management in transport systems using the example of passenger rail rolling stock operation processes using information technology and automation tools. The main proposed methods for improving the efficiency of vehicle operation management are the use of digital modeling of transport complex objects and processes and the automation of probabilistic-statistical analysis of data on the technical and operational characteristics of the system. The objective of the study is to improve the operational efficiency, reliability, and safety of passenger rail rolling stock by developing digital twins of the rolling stock and digital models of its operation processes. The main objectives of the study are to develop approaches to automating methods of  analysis of the flow of data on the operation and technical condition of passenger rolling stock, as well as to develop a concept for applying digital modeling to solve current problems of passenger rail transport. The research hypothesis is based on the assumption of the effectiveness of applying new information technologies to solving practical problems of rolling stock operation management. The use of digital models of rolling stock units and the digitalization of the repair process are considered. The paper proposes the use of automated Pareto analysis methods for data on technical failures of railcars and least-squares modeling of distribution and density functions for passenger wagon operating indicators as continuous random variables. It is demonstrated that digital modeling of transport system objects and processes using big data analysis enables the improvement of transportation processes. General recommendations are provided for the use of information tools to improve the management of passenger rolling stock operations in rail transport.

Keywords: information technologies, digital modeling, digital twin, automated control, system analysis, process approach, reliability, rolling stock operation, maintenance and repair, monitoring systems

This article examines numerical modeling of a support joint in a glulam frame structure. Traditionally, hinge joints in frame structures have been constructed as a system of welded plates. In chemically aggressive environments, the use of steel is difficult. Replacing steel elements with polymer composite plates can ensure the required service life. The plates are made using a polyester or acrylic binder with increased resistance to aggressive chemical environments. Composite plates are much lighter than metal, making installation quicker, simpler, and easier, significantly reducing labor costs. Composite fiberglass profiles are easy to process—they can be sawed, drilled, milled, and easily assembled with bolts and adhesives.

Keywords: spacer frame structure, steel plate, polymer composite material, modulus of elasticity, volumetric weight, horizontal deformation, support reaction, isofields of displacements

The article presents a comparative analysis of modern database management systems (PostgreSQL/PostGIS, Oracle Database, Microsoft SQL Server, and MongoDB) in the context of implementing a distributed storage of geospatial information. The aim of the study is to identify the strengths and limitations of different platforms when working with heterogeneous geospatial data and to evaluate their applicability in distributed GIS solutions. The research covers three main types of data: vector, raster, and point cloud. A comprehensive set of experiments was conducted in a test environment close to real operating conditions, including functional testing, performance benchmarking, scalability analysis, and fault tolerance assessment.
The results demonstrated that PostgreSQL/PostGIS provides the most balanced solution, showing high scalability and stable performance across all data types, which makes it a versatile platform for building GIS applications. Oracle Database exhibited strong results when processing raster data and proved effective under heavy workloads in multi-node architectures, which is especially relevant for corporate environments. Microsoft SQL Server showed reliable performance on vector data, particularly in distributed scenarios, though requiring optimization for binary storage. MongoDB proved suitable for storing raster content and metadata through GridFS, but its scalability is limited compared to traditional relational DBMS.
In conclusion, PostgreSQL/PostGIS can be recommended as the optimal choice for projects that require universality and high efficiency in distributed storage of geospatial data, while Oracle and Microsoft SQL Server may be preferable in specialized enterprise solutions, and MongoDB can be applied in tasks where flexible metadata management is a priority.

Keywords: geographic information system, database, postgresql, postgis, oracle database, microsoft sql server, mongodb, vector, raster, point cloud, scalability, performance, fault tolerance