This paper presents a decision support model for responding to forest fires in mountainous areas using fuzzy logic. The research methods include the Mamdani method for constructing a fuzzy inference system, the use of linguistic variables to describe environmental conditions and risk factors, and the formation of a rule base based on expert knowledge. The developed model implements the principles of situational management and enables determination of the fire danger level, selection of extinguishing methods, response tactics, and optimal resource allocation. Its practical significance lies in the potential application of the model in decision support systems of the Russian Ministry of Emergency Situations for operational planning and forecasting during forest fire suppression in challenging mountainous conditions.

Keywords: forest fires, mountainous terrain, fuzzy logic, decision support, intelligent systems, situational management

This article examines numerical modeling of a support joint in a glulam frame structure. Traditionally, hinge joints in frame structures have been constructed as a system of welded plates. In chemically aggressive environments, the use of steel is difficult. Replacing steel elements with polymer composite plates can ensure the required service life. The plates are made using a polyester or acrylic binder with increased resistance to aggressive chemical environments. Composite plates are much lighter than metal, making installation quicker, simpler, and easier, significantly reducing labor costs. Composite fiberglass profiles are easy to process—they can be sawed, drilled, milled, and easily assembled with bolts and adhesives.

Keywords: spacer frame structure, steel plate, polymer composite material, modulus of elasticity, volumetric weight, horizontal deformation, support reaction, isofields of displacements

Construction work often involves risks when carrying out complex sets of tasks described in the form of network schedules, in particular, risks of violating tender deadlines and project costs. One of the main reasons for increased project risks is a lack of resources. The main objective of this study is to develop a methodology for modeling network schedules under resource constraints, taking into account the stochastic influence of risks on project completion deadlines. The paper analyzes tools for modeling project schedules; describes a mathematical model for estimating project cost based on a network schedule under resource constraints; proposes a method for modeling a network schedule in the AnyLogic environment; develops an algorithm for modeling parallel branches of a project schedule under resource constraints; and describes a method for modeling a network schedule for project work. Testing was conducted based on a network schedule for a project to construct a contact line support. It has been shown that the method allows for obtaining probabilistic estimates of project deadlines and costs under conditions of risk and limited resources. The methodology can be applied to various projects described by network schedules and will allow solving a number of practical tasks: optimizing resources allocated for project implementation, taking into account the time and cost of the project, analyzing risks affecting project implementation, and developing optimal solutions for project risk management.

Keywords: network schedule, work plan, simulation modeling, risk analysis, project duration, project cost

This article describes a developed method for automatically optimizing the parameters of an intelligent controller based on an adaptive genetic algorithm. The key goal of this development is to improve the mechanism for generating an intelligent controller rule base through multiparameter optimization. The genetic algorithm is used to eliminate linguistic uncertainty in the design of control systems based on intelligent controllers. A unique algorithm is proposed that implements a comprehensive optimization procedure structured in three sequential stages: identifying optimal control system parameters, optimizing the structure of the intelligent controller rule base, simulating the automatic generation process, and then optimizing the intelligent controller parameters. Implementation of this approach optimizes the weights of fuzzy logic rules and the centers of the membership functions of linguistic variables.

Keywords: intelligent controller, optimization, genetic algorithm, uncertainty, term set

A fine-grained concrete mix based on fine sand and modified with a complex three-component additive including metakaolin, a superplasticizer, and a hardening accelerator has been developed. The study was conducted using the Box-Behnken factorial design and mathematical modeling in the R environment. The obtained values of compressive strength, flexural strength, and average density exceed those of the control composition. The research results were analyzed for reliability, descriptive statistics were obtained, and their correlation analysis was performed. A quadratic regression model of compressive strength was constructed and three-dimensional surfaces for the studied response functions were visualized. It was established that the synergistic effect of the complex additive is due to matrix compaction, a decrease in the water-cement ratio, and acceleration of the hydration process. The results confirm the possibility of using fine-grained concrete modified with a complex additive for the manufacture of prefabricated and monolithic structures, additive technologies, and have the potential to reduce the carbon footprint.

Keywords: fine-grained concrete, fine sand, three-component additive, model, polynomial regression, descriptive statistics, response surface, strength

The paper discusses issues related to the use of graph-theoretic models in text analysis. One of the tasks is to aggregate such models to identify more "simple" graphs, the vertices of which correspond to subsets of the vertices of the original model, and the edges reflect the "strong connections" between the vertices. Using the example of a Russian folk tale plot, it is shown how to build an aggregated model with a given threshold of significance and present it for further analysis. To conduct the experiments, a set of graph-theoretical models for fairy-tale plots from the collection of A.M. Afanasyev was built using the Folklore information system, where the graph aggregation module was improved.

Keywords: text analysis, graph-theoretical model, aggregation, significance threshold, storage format, folklore text, fairy tale plot, information system "Folklore"

The article deals with the problem of quantifying the security of objects of the penal correction system based on mathematical modeling. The authors propose a modified genetic algorithm in which the traditional fitness function is replaced by a mechanism of "virtual movement" of individuals in a discrete space, which allows taking into account both the individual characteristics of safety measures and their cumulative impact. A step-by-step example of applying the algorithm to choosing the optimal set of protective measures based on expert assessments based on several criteria is given. The results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed approach for solving multi-criteria tasks of assessing and improving security in conditions of uncertainty and the absence of an explicit analytical relationship between system parameters.

Keywords: security, vulnerability, event, penal enforcement system, genetic algorithm, mathematical modeling, optimization, expert assessment, criterion, security, security regime, discrete space, coalition, crossing, fitness function

Information technologies have become increasingly used in various fields, be it document management or payment systems. One of the most popular and promising technologies is cryptocurrency. Since they require ensuring the security and reliability of data in the system, most of them use blockchain and complex cryptographic protocols, such as zero-knowledge proof protocols (ZKP). Therefore, an important aspect for achieving the security of these systems is verification, since it can be used to assess the system's resistance to various attacks, as well as its compliance with security requirements. This paper will consider both the concept of verification itself and the methods for its implementation. A comparison of methods for identifying a proof suitable for zero-knowledge protocols is also carried out. And as a result, a conclusion is made that an integrated approach to verification is needed, since choosing only one method cannot cover all potential vulnerabilities. In this regard, it is necessary to apply various verification methods at various stages of system design.

Keywords: cryptocurrency, blockchain, verification, formal method, static analysis, dynamic method, zero-knowledge proof protocol

The article is devoted to a comprehensive study of the unique architectural and sacred ensemble located in the Bareer tract in Ingushetia, which is an important monument of the medieval cultural heritage of the North Caucasus. The article examines in detail the architectural features of the tower structures, their typology, functions, and symbolism. The author provides a detailed analysis of the planning structure, construction techniques, and compares the architectural elements with their counterparts in the North Caucasus, emphasizing the uniqueness of the complex and its relationship with the landscape.
The conducted comprehensive analysis suggests that this ensemble was a common patronage center that united various peoples of the North Caucasus and performed a sacred function associated with the goddess Tusholi. The presence of a well-thought-out architectural composition, key elements, and access routes confirms the hypothesis of the complex's religious purpose.

Keywords: architecture, ensemble, Baer, monument, medieval heritage, tower structures, sacred function, rituals, petroglyphs, cult complexes, temples

Instrumental monitoring during construction in dense urban areas plays a particularly important role due to the increased risks to surrounding buildings and infrastructure. Thorough planning, effective risk management, and collaboration with stakeholders can help minimize the negative impacts of construction in dense urban areas and ensure the safety of people and surrounding buildings. Monitoring is not only focused on ensuring the safety of the construction site, but also on protecting the supporting structures during the construction of new foundations. Excavation near existing foundations can cause loads that lead to deformation and even collapse of neighboring buildings.

Keywords: dense development, structural scheme, areas of influence, construction, precipitation assessments, existing development, operation, structural scheme of the building, construction methods, production organization

This paper proposes a novel model of computer network behavior that incorporates weighted multi-label dependencies to identify rare anomalous events. The model accounts for multi-label dependencies not previously encountered in the source data, enabling a "preemptive" assessment of their potential destructive impact on the network. An algorithm for calculating the potential damage from the realization of a multi-label dependency is presented. The proposed model is applicable for analyzing a broad spectrum of rare events in information security and for developing new methods and algorithms for information protection based on multi-label patterns. The approach allows for fine-tuning the parameters of multi-label dependency accounting within the model, depending on the specific goals and operating conditions of the computer network.

Keywords: multi-label classification, multi-label dependency, attribute space, computer attacks, information security, network traffic classification, attack detection, attribute informativeness, model, rare anomalous events, anomalous events

The paper investigates the specifics of the digital implementation of a rotor synchronization control algorithm for the SV-2M two-rotor vibration unit. The influence of the sampling period on the stability of the synchronous mode is evaluated using computer simulations in MATLAB/Simulink, with time quantization and zero-order hold delay explicitly accounted for. A comparative analysis of the digital and analog versions of the algorithm has been performed. The boundary values of the discretization periods for different values of the given total energy of the system have been determined. The obtained results confirm the applicability of the proposed approach for digital control systems of vibratory equipment.

Keywords: digital control, rotor synchronization, two-rotor vibration unit, speed-gradient algorithm, extrapolator

Many major cities around the world are seeing a trend toward compact housing units, typically located in central areas and fully integrated with existing urban infrastructure. Despite similarities in size and location, each project offers unique architectural and social solutions to address the housing crisis and adapt to limited space. With urban density increasing and real estate prices rising, compact housing projects, typically located in central areas and fully integrated with existing infrastructure, are becoming increasingly relevant. Despite the general trend toward smaller spaces, each project offers unique architectural and social responses to the challenges of modern urbanism.

Keywords: micro-housing, urbanization, architecture, city, infrastructure, mobility, sustainability, renovation, miniaturization, accessibility, autonomy, flexibility, project, space, concept

The article discusses the development of a method for protecting confidential images in instant messengers based on masking with orthogonal matrices. The vulnerability of the system to brute-force attacks and account compromise is analyzed. The main focus is on the development of an architecture for analyzing abnormal activity and adaptive authentication. The article presents a system structure with independent security components that provide blocking based on brute-force attacks and flexible session management. The interaction of the modules within a unified security system is described, with the distribution of functions between server and client components.

Keywords: information security, messenger, messaging, communications, instant messaging systems, security audits, and brute-force attacks

This article examines transportation network modeling using the Ford–Fulkerson algorithm. It describes the process of finding a minimum cut using a graphical editor and library developed in the C# programming language. Key concepts of graph and network theory are presented to clarify the problem statement. An example of solving a transportation problem using the developed software is shown, and the program's results are compared with a control example.

Keywords: transportation network, maximum flow problem, Ford–Fulkerson algorithm, minimum cut in the network, software library, graphical editor, C# programming language