The formation and effective development of the knowledge economy in the country is possible only with a stable and Mature institutional environment. Indices of the knowledge economy and institutional regime calculated using the world Bank methodology determine the country's readiness for further development. According to the rating, Russia shows a problematic institutional component. The article examines the main institutional problems and barriers, namely institutional traps that hinder the development of the knowledge economy, explains their mechanisms and consequences for the Russian economy, and suggests ways out of them.

Keywords: knowledge economy, institutional traps, barriers, innovation, economic development, mechanism

The present paper presents studies of friction and wear characteristics occurring in the frictional contact zone when various frictional substances are forcibly introduced into the active contact zone by the method of molecular dynamics.

Keywords: friction activation, special material, method, quantum-chemical analysis, molecular dynamics, tribology, friction, computer simulation

When determining the locations of compensating devices, it is necessary to make complex calculations that take into account various factors (included in the equations in the form of variables). To get results, calculations are performed repeatedly. Newton's method with coefficients in the form of a Jacobi matrix is widely used. An algorithm for solving the necessary equations by the Gauss method is considered, and the required number of iterations is determined to obtain reliable results.

Keywords: compensating devices, electric power, network state, nodal conductivity matrix, Gauss method, algorithm, Newton's method, electrical nodes, iterations, convergence, algorithm

The article provides a brief analysis of the starting processes of electrical devices. The mathematical formulation of the problem of synthesis of starting rheostats is formulated and its solution is proposed. The main condition for optimal starting of electric motors using thermistor rheostats is presented. Optimal diagrams of the starting current and set of revolutions are given. and also, the change in heat losses in the anchor chain. Recommendations on the layout of starting rheostats are given.

Keywords: thermistor rheostat, optimal start-up, thermal start-up characteristic, optimal control problem, DC motor, boundary conditions, speed

The article presents the organizational and economic mechanism for increasing the investment attractiveness of the region, based on the system of investment design and implementation of investment projects, based on the complexity of the development of the region's economy, and including not only the identification of the investment potential of the region, but also the establishment of sources of capital investments; identification of directions for the development of the region, taking into account the calculations of the possible results of financial injections into these objects; creation of a phased financing plan for the taken object, the beginning of its implementation and control over it; obtaining state support for the development sector of the regional economy during the implementation of the investment project in the form of tax incentives, lower lending rates, etc.

Keywords: region, regional economy, investments, investment policy, risk, investment risks, investment portfolio, socio-economic development

This article investigates methods to combine multiple data-driven models for forecasting time series. This is done in order to increase the accuracy of forecasts according to the historical error signal, such that it minimises downstream costs of forecast errors.

Keywords: time series, combination of models, accuracy assessment, forecasting, forecast accuracy

The description of the conveyor device intended for transportation of easily damaged goods is presented. A special feature of the device used is a conveyor belt containing ferromagnetic rods. Moving the conveyor belt and fixing the element on the conveyor belt is determined by the location of the coils on the frame and the speed of switching the voltage supplied to these coils.

Keywords: conveyor devices, the device is easy to damage the conveyer belt, the ferromagnetic cores of electromagnetic coils

The article provides a brief overview of geomechanical methods for studying the stress-strain state of the soil mass and tunnel lining. The organization of monitoring in tunnels using conventional and fiber-optic systems is considered. Criteria for analysis of monitoring data and structural strength conditions are described

Keywords: railway tunnel, construction, operation, monitoring, strain gauge, stress, strain, strength, bearing capacity

The paper explores the opportunity to use tower cranes with a large boom length for installation of space frames configured as prefabricated units. The opportunity to modify the already existing technology by using new tower cranes with a large boom length allows cutting the cost of construction of industrial buildings with flat structural plates. Cost cuts are realized by reducing the scope of works pertaining to installation and dismantling of crane runway as well as crane relocation toward other spans of the building.

Keywords: space frames, nodal connections, installation, technology, modification, crane

This article analyzes the existing sources of power supply of oil and gas industry facilities, as well as the study of the possible use of alternative energy sources in industrial enterprises; The advantages and disadvantages of using this type of power supply for remote infrastructure are considered.

Keywords: energy, power supply, power plant, industrial facility, wind, solar radiation, power, power plant, wind energy, source

An impact on mechanochemical activation on morphology and structure of wood cellulose was examined. A comparative analysis of structure of sheet cellulose and fluffed cellulose was made using infrared spectroscopy and scanning microscopy. It was given that the cellulose I tranformed into a modification of cellulose II with more reacting power as a result of pulping. It ascertained that mechanochemical activation of the cellulose can increase the physical and chemical indicators of technical carboxymethylcellulose.

Keywords: cellulose, mechanochemical activation, carboxymethylcellulose

The object of the research, the result of which is the presented work, is a comprehensive system of spatial data of the railway infrastructure, within which a high-precision system of coordinates of the Russian Railways has been created, and methods definition of normal heights in the Baltic Heights System 1977. The strategy and prospects for the development of high-speed transport highways (VSM) have been described. Methods for determining normal heights at research sites are given.

Keywords: Global navigation satellite systems (GNSS), GLONASS, high-speed highway (Navy), high-precision coordinate system (WCC), altitude system, quasi-geoid

To date, the socio-economic situation in the country creates for the population quite significant obstacles in the implementation of tasks for the purchase of housing and other real estate through mortgage lending. However, when it comes to collecting the amounts owed on the loan, banks are faced with an analysis of the prospects for the sale of mortgaged property, as a result of which, in most cases, come to the conclusion that the original sale price of the mortgaged property with the realities of the market. In the article, the authors consider the judicial practice of determining the initial price of the mortgaged property and analyze the situation in which there is a need for judicial value examination, as well as give the main aspects of the methodology of this type of expertise. The purpose of the article is to form a clear idea of the reader about the process of resolving the dispute arising from the breach of obligations under the loan agreement.

Keywords: expert, forensic examination, subject of pledge, cost examination, assessment report, methodology

Based on the processing of radar information from the radar network of the North Caucasus storm broadcasting, a filtering technique was proposed using complex information from several meteor radars.

Keywords: Radar, automation, refraction, identification, radar network

The article proposes to consider the possibility of using pipes from ductile iron with spherical graphite in the construction of oil pipelines to solve the problem of corrosion formation. In addition to corrosion resistance, such pipes also have other positive properties. A comparison is made with steel pipes, and the basic physical and mechanical properties of ductile iron with spherical graphite are also considered.

Keywords: oil and gas pipeline, corrosion, testing, installation, connection, deposit, steel, ductile iron (ductile iron), strength, resistance, oil