Polyurethane foams (PUFs) constitute a major class of polymeric materials, widely appreciated for their excellent mechanical strength, chemical resistance, and physical versatility. They are used in a wide variety of applications, such as insulation, cushioning, coatings, and structural parts. Traditionally, PUFs are prepared through polyaddition reactions involving polyols, diisocyanates, and water, where the in-situ generated CO₂ in the reaction mixture serves as the blowing agent. However, there are significant concerns with the use of isocyanates as they are toxic, classified respiratory sensitizers, and contribute to environmental pollution. These issues have directed both researchers and industry experts to search for safer and more sustainable alternative feedstocks.
The polyaddition reaction between cyclic carbonates (CCs) and polyfunctional amines has been one promising alternative. The reaction leads to the formation of non-isocyanate polyurethanes (NIPUs), specifically polyhydroxyurethane foams (PHUFs). Foaming is achieved by using external chemical blowing agents or through self-blowing reactions, where gases are generated directly in the system. The generated   foam cells – the structures that give foams their unique properties – depends largely on the gas-forming reactions.
This review focuses on the different blowing agents used in NIPUF synthesis, such as poly(methylhydrogensiloxane) (PHMS) and liquid fluorohydrocarbons. It also looks at recent advances in self-blowing techniques, which eliminate the need for external agents and make the process more sustainable. Special emphasis is placed on NIPUFs derived from renewable feedstocks, as these align with global trend towards green chemistry and circular materials. The review provides an overview of both externally blown and self-blown biobased NIPUFs, detailing their synthesis, performance, and potential industrial applications.

Keywords: biobased polyurethane, blowing agent, non-isocyanate polyurethane, polymeric foams, polyurethane foams, self-blowing

Review of fresh patents on nuclear power station cooling systems and current problems & future of nuclear power stations.

Keywords: nuclear power station, cooling systems, patents

Advanced nuclear power technologies such as small modular reactors (SMRs) and micro-reactors, a subset of SMRs, have the potential to play a key role in the coming nuclear power expansion. Connect with technical innovators, manufacturers, designers, and government regulators to discuss advancements and gain insights on the latest AMR and SMR projects in the UK and globally. 2024 year's world patents are presented.

Keywords: nuclear technology, small modular reactor, micro-reactor, modern patents

Geopolymers and alkali-activated materials are cement-free composites formulated by activating alumino-silicate materials, such as fly ash, meta-kaolin, and silica fume, and calcium-rich materials. The Geopolymer Materials Market grew from USD 12.48 billion in 2023 to USD 15.69 billion in 2024. It is expected to continue growing at a CAGR of 29.46%, reaching USD 76.07 billion by 2030. Today we found about 750 patents of USA, China, Japan and other countries. The selected last year patents have emerged on the usage of geopolymeric mortars for 3D printing, grouting, sewage lining, and wastewater treatment.

Keywords: geopolymers, alkali-activated materials, market of geopolymers, patents on geopolymers, application in in civil engineering

The most important fields of 3d printing technologies. The patent's examples.

Keywords: 3d-printing, patents, civil engineering, industry, medicine

The construction industry is undergoing a significant shift toward technological advancement and 3D printing is one of the groundbreaking technologies leading the way. 3D printing technologies a widely protected by many patents, mainly in USA & China. Petrone's team are focusing on the integrity and performance of structures built using 3D-printed LEGO-like concrete modules.

Keywords: 3d - printing for Civil & Military Engineering, review of last year patents, 3D-printed LEGO-like concrete modules

3D – printing is the quickly expending area of modern industry. In this review is carrying review of novel US patents on this topics.

Keywords: 3D - printing; application in civil & military engineering; application in industry and medicine

The review describers an eco-friendly strategy based on aqueous system. Easy biodegradability and an eco-friendly nature make paper a very good packaging material for food as well as non-food items. The review contained many abstracts of an international patent's documentations.

Keywords: principles of biodegradable hydrophobic materials' creations, review of an international patents

3d-printing is the leading direction in world advanced technologies. For today 2614 patents were displaying in the Worldwide date base. General Electric is more effective companies in patenting materials for 3d-printing.

Keywords: materials for 3d-printing, review of patents

Main tacks of ecology are determine the safety margin of the planet; Identify the parameters that have the greatest impact on the state of the world; Predict the likely outcomes of current economic and industrial policies. Professor  Gaia Herrington concludes that the “standard scenario” is most comparable to the current situation. This has led to the creation of numerous (over 1,500) inventions to reduce environmental threats.   Chemists at the New Jersey Institute of Technology have created a new laboratory method to detect traces of PFAS in food packaging, water and soil sample. Most existing models of the terrestrial biosphere that are used to estimate carbon sequestration account only partially or not at all for the complex mechanisms associated with vegetation, and are at the lower end of the complexity spectrum.

Keywords: environmental threats, limits to growth, inventions on ecology

The article disrible a lot of novel patents in Civil Engineering, more of them from China

Keywords: patent's description, civil Engineering

The increasing complexities in the development of new fire-protective coatings hinder the attraction of private investments and impede the progress of innovation. The review provides an overall picture of the research and specifically illustrates the extraordinary diversity of their directions and explains the inherent reason for such diversity. The goal of this review is to establish an information foundation for a critical analysis of the feasibility of private investments in developments in this field and to show some possible ways. The wide range of choices for specific components in fire-protective coatings and the diversity of mechanisms they employ result in a factorial number of possible combinations. The variety of properties of these components and the complexity of their interactions make it difficult to assess the outcomes of their selection unequivocally without conducting experiments during the development of new materials. Therefore, confident prediction of the results of new research is extremely challenging. As a consequence, there is a broad spectrum of directions and sub-directions in ongoing developments. Summing up the results of these investigations is further complicated by the difficulty of testing materials for aging parameters and resistance to external influences. The wide range of choices for specific components in fire-protective coatings and the diversity of mechanisms they employ result in a factorial number of possible combinations. The diverse properties of these components and the complexity of their interactions prevent a definitive evaluation of the results of their inclusion in the composition prior to conducting experiments in the development of new materials. Therefore, confident forecasting of the results of new research is extremely challenging. As a consequence, there is a broad range of directions and sub-directions in ongoing developments. Summing up the results of these investigations is further complicated by the difficulty of testing materials for aging parameters and resistance to external influences. The high uncertainty in forecasting the prospects of specific developments stimulates the advancement of simulation methods for compositions and coating manufacturing technologies, as well as the prediction of their effectiveness, etc. However, these methods only provide a partial increase in the reliability of expectations. A more thorough execution of a feasibility study is recommended to substantiate venture investments. One of the additional approaches capable of enhancing its credibility is the utilization of non-traditional specialized methods for researching patent information.

Keywords: fire-protective coatings, specifically illustrates the extraordinary diversity, prospects of specific developments stimulates, simulation methods for compositions and coating manufacturing technologies

Three-dimensional printing (3DP) in building industry has a number of important advantages, such as creation of various geometric forms without the need for molds, the ability to create complex elements, the possibility of automation, speed and a low amount of waste, the use of innovative materials, construction in layers of different materials, and more. So, 3DP is an effort to put digital manufacturing into practice, enabling a direct transition from building design / modeling (BIM) to 3DP. One of the important limitations in 3DP is the materials. Because printing is done in layers, it is important to take into account the hardening time of the material and its ability to stick to create a uniform structure. Another problem is the tolerance of the material to different types of solidification: melting, pressing. That's why there are methods for combining iron or polymer reinforcement. There are combined methods: 3D printed elements are used as prefab elements to make the building process more effective. This industry is one of the fastest growing manufacturing technology sectors covers all markets from aerospace and healthcare to construction and consumer products. This article provides some aspects of application in construction, materials and their compositions, as well as examples of the use of 3DP at buildings, structures, etc.

Keywords: 3D technologies in civil engineering and construction, materials for 3DP, 3D concrete printing, concrete polymer reinforcement, dispersive reinforcement concrete

Compositions and their properties for protective coatings based on liquid ebonite and water dispersion of CSPE were described. The experimental data of different testing are confirmed their high effectivity for corrosion protection.

Keywords: corrosion protection, liquid ebonite mixtures, oligobutadiene, water dispersion CSPE, service properties

Life cycle analysis of engineering education systems. Engineering education in the leading countries. Deep crisis of Ukrainian and Russian engineering education.сведения и выводы описываемой работы, и рассчитана на самый широкий круг читателей.

Keywords: education in different countries, life cycle analysis of education systems