The paper studies the issue of the influence of the quality of the computational triangular grid on the accuracy of calculations in various computational problems. There is a well-known example of Schwartz, which shows that the approximation of a smooth surface by a polyhedral surface can give very large errors for calculating the surface area. This is due to the quality of the constructed triangulation of the surface. Therefore, it is natural to expect that there is some connection between a certain triangulation characteristic and the accuracy of solving some computational problem. In the presented article, as such a characteristic, a value is chosen - the average value of the minimum sine of the angle of all triangles of the computational grid. In the course of numerical experiments, the Dirichlet problem for the Laplace equation in a circular ring was solved, in which the error of the approximate solution was calculated (the gradient descent method was used to find a solution to the corresponding variational problem.). For the ring, a series of triangulations was constructed with a uniform division along the angle and a non-uniform division along the radius in polar coordinates. In this example, a linear dependence of the error on was shown. The article presents both the results of the calculation with different values ​​and the calculation of the correlation coefficient of the studied quantities.

Keywords: boundary value problem, Delaunay triangulation, calculation accuracy, Dirichlet problem, mathematical modeling, triangular mesh, minimum triangle angle, piecewise linear approximation, variational method, Laplace equation

The article considers the dynamics of an ion beam in a laser mass – EMAL-2 spectrometer.a numerical model based on the "large - particle" method is Implemented, taking into account the influence of spatial charge fields and the interaction of charged particles with the field of an electrodynamic system. The software package that implements the mathematical model of ion beam motion consists of two parts. The first part is a program written in C++, in which initial conditions are set, the Coulomb interaction between large particles is calculated using the "particle-particle" method, the system of differential equations (1) is integrated using the fourth-order Runge-Kutta method, and the results are recorded and processed. The second part is a script for the FreeFem++ package, which implements the solution of partial differential equations using the finite element method. A series of numerical experiments and their comparison with the data obtained experimentally are carried out.

Keywords: large particle method, laser mass spectrometer, particle-particle method, electrodynamic system, Runge-Kutta method, laser plasma, magnetic analyzer, ion beam, focusing system, triangulation

The article deals with the dynamics of an ion beam in a tandem laser mass-reflectron. The software package that implements the mathematical model of the ion beam motion is based on the "large - particle" method.it takes into account the influence of the spatial charge field and the interaction of ions with the field of the electrodynamic system. The potential distribution in the device nodes is obtained by numerical solution of the Laplace equation using the mathematical package Freefem++, which implements the solution of partial differential equations by the finite element method. The absence of inhomogeneity of the electric field inside the reflectors is shown. A series of numerical experiments has been carried out, which has shown the convenience of using the finite element method for numerical solution of problems of electrostatics and ion optics, as well as the effectiveness of using numerical modeling to develop and optimize the parameters of mass spectrometers.

Keywords: large particle method, laser mass spectrometer, particle-particle method, electrodynamic system, Runge-Kutta method, laser plasma, ion beam, focusing system, triangulation, gas-forming impurities, time-of-flight mass spectrometer

The paper describes a microscopic method for determining the dispersed composition of particles, a scheme for analyzing the dispersed composition of particles of various materials, the fundamentals of algorithms used in computer programs for the processing of particulate dispersion and the development of recommendations for their improvement.

Keywords: computer data analysis, technique, dispersion, particle diameter, dust, dispersed materials, ecology