The article considers the problem of the formation of urban heat islands. The reasons for the occurrence of such heat islands are revealed. The influence of artificial urbanized surfaces on the albedo value is analyzed. The connection of the appearance of urban heat islands with the reduction of plant and water resources of the city has been established. The estimation of anthropogenic heat emissions, urban morphology is given. Possible solutions for reducing the influence of urban heat island on the microclimate of urbanized space are presented. A number of natural urban planning and architectural construction tools and methods of regulating urban heat islands are formulated. Their complex accounting at the stage of city planning and design of buildings and structures is indicated. This approach is recommended using software systems modeling an urbanized environment as a basis for regulating heat islands, reducing their negative impact on urban space.

Keywords: wind, urban ecology, heat island, anthropo-loading, urbanization, city, relief, albedo, pollution, environment

Currently, urbanization causes an increase in urban density and creates new opportunities for the socio-economic development of society. However, urban development changes the natural relief: it increases the roughness of the underlying surface (for example, it forms basins against the background of a flat relief), it includes many vertical surfaces, and creates rugged terrain. It results in the formation of urban heat and dry islands; it changes the precipitation rate,their frequency and intensity. Thermal conditions of cities are varied within the city itself, and the study of diversification of the intra-urban microclimate is of extreme importance for well-being of citizens and assessing the real energy demand of buildings. This requires new approached to modeling the urban microclimate, since the a set of different factors influence its changes and developement.

Keywords: urban microclimate, urban density, environment, solar radiation, aeration regime, thermal conditions, urban heat island, wind speed, building, urbanization

The paper analyzes the conditions for the formation of a microclimate of urban residential area with high-rise buildings. High-rise buildings in big cities have a double influence on the living environment – on the one hand, they change wind loads, and on the other hand they affect the direction and speed of the wind. The environmentally unfavorable zones of high-rise buildings, as well as the causes and sources of pollution, such as emerging transport and engineering infrastructure due to development of high-rise housing, have been identified. In high-rise housing areas, zones with impaired air exchange, which contribute to the formation of the “heat island”, have been indicated.

Keywords: urbanization; ecology; high-rise building; urban development; heat island; ascending air flow; temperature inversion; microclimatic conditions; terrain aerodynamics; living environment

The article considers the device for experimental and laboratory testing of microclimate systems. The device is an experimental setup in which it is possible to study the microclimate parameters of multi-functional and multi-level buildings by modeling various processes and their location in the total volume of buildings. Accordingly, with the help of this test model, the parameters of the movement of contaminated air masses and convective flows are studied.

Keywords: test model, installation, microclimate, multi-functional multi-level buildings, process modeling, air, convective flows