Polyurethane foams (PUFs) constitute a major class of polymeric materials, widely appreciated for their excellent mechanical strength, chemical resistance, and physical versatility. They are used in a wide variety of applications, such as insulation, cushioning, coatings, and structural parts. Traditionally, PUFs are prepared through polyaddition reactions involving polyols, diisocyanates, and water, where the in-situ generated CO₂ in the reaction mixture serves as the blowing agent. However, there are significant concerns with the use of isocyanates as they are toxic, classified respiratory sensitizers, and contribute to environmental pollution. These issues have directed both researchers and industry experts to search for safer and more sustainable alternative feedstocks.
The polyaddition reaction between cyclic carbonates (CCs) and polyfunctional amines has been one promising alternative. The reaction leads to the formation of non-isocyanate polyurethanes (NIPUs), specifically polyhydroxyurethane foams (PHUFs). Foaming is achieved by using external chemical blowing agents or through self-blowing reactions, where gases are generated directly in the system. The generated   foam cells – the structures that give foams their unique properties – depends largely on the gas-forming reactions.
This review focuses on the different blowing agents used in NIPUF synthesis, such as poly(methylhydrogensiloxane) (PHMS) and liquid fluorohydrocarbons. It also looks at recent advances in self-blowing techniques, which eliminate the need for external agents and make the process more sustainable. Special emphasis is placed on NIPUFs derived from renewable feedstocks, as these align with global trend towards green chemistry and circular materials. The review provides an overview of both externally blown and self-blown biobased NIPUFs, detailing their synthesis, performance, and potential industrial applications.

Keywords: biobased polyurethane, blowing agent, non-isocyanate polyurethane, polymeric foams, polyurethane foams, self-blowing

This paper presents the results of an investigation into the adhesion properties of release coatings based on polyisobutylene applied to metallic substrates. A software tool was developed in Microsoft Visual Studio using the C++ programming language to compute the composition and effective technological parameters for forming coatings that ensure optimal adhesion to protected surfaces. As a case study, the method of calculating the relationships between composition, temperature, and formation time is demonstrated for coatings achieving the highest adhesion, corresponding to a score of “zero” on the standardized six-point cross-cut adhesion test. It is shown that the application of the developed software enables parameter evaluation within 1–2 seconds. The computational results are experimentally validated. The morphology of the coatings was examined using optical microscopy. It was observed that no delamination occurs at the intersection points of cuts or within the grid pattern.

Keywords: coating, adhesion, microstructure, cross-cut test, polyisobutylene, optimization

Conductive polymer composite materials were successfully obtained using furan aminoplast as a binder, synthesized on the basis of a by-product of processing plant biomass into 5-hydroxymethylfurfural – humic resin and melamine (HumMel). Composites were made using different types of graphite (natural (NG), colloidal (CG)) as a filler. The filler content varied within 30–70 wt.%. It was shown that the conductivity of the composite material increases with the content of the conductive filler, and its strength changes in the opposite order. The best conductivity (contact resistance of 0.011 Ohm cm2) was shown by the polymer composite based on NG, containing 30% aminoplast. High strength (compression and bending strength of 55.2 and 38.6 MPa, respectively) was demonstrated by the composite with CG, containing 70 wt. of the polymer binder. The HumMel-NG-50 polymer composite meets the requirements for similar materials for the production of bipolar plates of fuel cells in terms of electrical conductivity (0.022 Ohm∙cm2) and mechanical strength (25.7 and 25.3 MPa in compression and bending, respectively).

Keywords: conductive polymer composite, furan aminoplast, carbon filler, bipolar plates, fuel cell

The review describers an eco-friendly strategy based on aqueous system. Easy biodegradability and an eco-friendly nature make paper a very good packaging material for food as well as non-food items. The review contained many abstracts of an international patent's documentations.

Keywords: principles of biodegradable hydrophobic materials' creations, review of an international patents

In this study, the thermal properties of porous materials with the topology of triply periodic minimal surfaces (TPMS) of Schwarz are investigated. By generalizing the results of computational experiments, the dependencies of the thermophysical properties of TPMS materials on macrostructural parameters such as size and thickness of the elementary cell have been obtained. The properties of the most common thermoplastic polymers PETG, ABS, PLA, and PHP used in additive manufacturing have been explored. It is demonstrated that the thermal conductivity coefficients of the examined TPMS materials can be represented as a linear function of the dimensionless geometric parameter – the relative thickness of the elementary cell wall. By varying this parameter, and consequently the geometric structure of the porous medium, it is possible to obtain a material with desired thermophysical properties. Verification of the obtained finite element method results is conducted based on the analysis of mesh convergence of solutions.

Keywords: effective thermal conductivity; heat transfer; porous material; porosity; thermoplastic polymer; ordered macrostructure; Schwarz minimal surface; triply periodic surface