The paper discusses the issues of multi-criteria optimization of planning the loading of technological equipment at a machine-building enterprise within a calendar year. Planning and optimizing the loading of technological equipment is one of the key tasks of operational calendar planning at engineering enterprises. The paper presents a model for optimizing the load of technological equipment used in the production process. Within the optimization model, three groups of target indicators were identified: the performance indicator of the group of technological equipment within the calendar year; indicator of uniformity of process equipment group loading within the calendar year; the amount of losses from downtime of a group of process equipment within a calendar year. The paper presents the results of optimizing the load of the fleet of machine tools used within the framework of the machining workshop. Load optimization was carried out for certain groups of technological equipment: a group of lathes, a group of milling machines, a group of grinding machines. Equipment load optimization was carried out by redistributing the total labor intensity of the work performed for the corresponding groups of technological equipment between periods of the calendar year. The Pareto optimization method was used to determine the optimal option for loading groups of process equipment. The following optimization strategy has been defined: minimizing the total amount of losses from downtime of process equipment. The paper presents graphs of Pareto fronts for targets for turning group machines. As a result of optimization, the total amount of losses for certain groups of process equipment resulting from downtime decreased by 6.8% -10.2%. Thus, the use of the developed model to solve the problem of optimizing the load of the fleet of machine-tool equipment made it possible to increase the efficiency of the operational scheduling process at machine-building enterprises.

Keywords: scheduling, multi-criteria optimization, machine stock, targets, losses, process loading

This paper presents an adaptive pipeline architecture designed to enhance both throughput and reduce latency in real-time stream data processing within single- and multi-processor systems. Unlike predominantly conceptual models or narrowly focused algorithms, the practical impact of this architecture is demonstrated by achieving measurable performance gains through reducing redundant data copying and synchronization costs or by providing flexible control over input and output data ordering. The architecture employs shared memory to eliminate buffer duplication, uses data transfer channels that adapt based on the need for order preservation, and supports the replication of processes within or across CPU cores. Experimental results indicate that the proposed architecture delivers both high throughput and low latency while introducing minimal overhead for data transmission and process synchronization. By offering a flexible and scalable foundation, this architecture can be applied to a wide range of real-time applications, from video surveillance and robotics to distributed platforms for processing large data sets. It demonstrates versatility and robustness in adapting to varying computational demands, thereby ensuring both efficiency and reliability in high-performance environments.

Keywords: parallelism, multiprocessor computing, computational pipeline, performance scaling, queues, shared memory

This study is devoted to the analysis of decision-making models in ensuring the protection of public order. The results obtained will allow us to formulate a new mathematical model of decision-making, which will allow us to obtain objective management decisions to ensure the protection of public order in the territory of the Republic of Tajikistan with the possibility of simulation. The object of the study is the process of ensuring the protection of public order. In the scientific literature and in open sources of information, there is a large number of works describing models and algorithms developed on the basis of various mathematical tools. The analysis of a number of papers on this topic will allow us to formulate a new mathematical model of decision-making, which will optimize and improve the quality of prepared decision-making projects while ensuring the protection of public order. The study revealed that the basis for improving the effectiveness of ensuring the safety of citizens during mass events is an effective management decision. 1) Based on this, an analysis of decision-making models is presented, the purpose of which is to determine the need to create a decision-making model while ensuring the protection of public order in the Republic of Tajikistan. 2) A model of decision-making in ensuring the protection of public order in the Republic of Tajikistan is proposed. The model is implemented based on the synthesis of mathematical modeling methods, including cluster analysis, pairwise comparison method and Petri nets. The model allows you to divide committed events, i.e. crimes into clusters according to previously defined criteria. At the final stage, the model allows you to simulate each event, thereby predicting the possible development of the event under study. The presented results of the analysis of decision-making models made it possible to formulate a new mathematical model of decision-making in ensuring the protection of public order in the interests of the Republic of Tajikistan.

Keywords: public order protection, mathematical model, cluster analysis, pairwise comparison method, expert assessments, Petri nets

This article presents an analysis of corporate network traffic over the SMTP protocol to identify malicious traffic. The relevance of the study is driven by the increasing number of email-based attacks, such as the distribution of viruses, spam, and phishing messages. The objective of the work is to develop an algorithm for detecting malicious traffic that combines traditional analysis methods with modern machine learning approaches. The article describes the research stages: data collection, preprocessing, model training, algorithm testing, and effectiveness analysis. The data used were collected with the Wireshark tool and include SMTP logs, message headers, and attachments. The experimental results demonstrated high accuracy in detecting malicious traffic, confirming the potential of the proposed approach.

Keywords: SMTP, malicious traffic, network traffic analysis, email, machine learning, Wireshark, spam, phishing, classification algorithms

A two-level mathematical model of optimal management of investment and construction projects is proposed. The Customer acts as the upper-level or leading control entity in the model. The General Contractor is the lower-level control entity. It is assumed that both control entities strive to maximize their gain. The target function of the leader takes into account the estimated fixed income from apartment sales, profit from the velocity of money circulation, and the average estimated payment for work. The target function of the follower takes into account the payment for work from the Customer, additional payment or a fine, and payment for workers. The information regulations of the Stackelberg game are used in the study of the model. An algorithm for constructing a solution is given. In the general case, the problem is solved numerically by means of simulation modeling. The results of numerical experiments are given. A number of conclusions are made.

Keywords: two-level hierarchical model, Stackelberg equilibrium, customer, general contractor, leader, follower

The article presents the results of the development of an algorithm and a desktop application for recognizing Russian-language handwritten text in images using computer vision and deep learning technologies. Classical and modern recognition methods have been studied and an algorithm has been developed and implemented that ensures 71% recognition accuracy. The application allows the user to upload images receive digitized text and save the results in his personal account. The software implementation includes a training block for the model with an assessment of accuracy and completeness metrics. The application meets all the set requirements providing ease of use and functionality.

Keywords: deep learning, handwritten text, image, data, model training, computer vision, feature extraction, CTC, RNN, CNN, CRNN

The widespread use of social media platforms has led to the accumulation of vast amounts of stored data, enabling the prediction of rare events based on user interaction analysis. This study presents a method for predicting rare events using graph theory, particularly graphlets. The social network VKontakte, with over 90 million users, serves as the data source. The ORCA algorithm is utilized to identify characteristic graph structures within the data. Throughout the study, user interactions were analyzed to identify precursors of rare events and assess prediction accuracy. The results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method, its potential for threat monitoring, and the possibilities for further refinement of graphlet-based prediction models.

Keywords: social media, security event, event prediction, graph theory, graphlet, interaction analysis, time series analysis, correlation analysis, data processing, anomalous activity

The article considers the problem of dynamic control of a 3-connected manipulator designed for trajectory following in conditions of external dynamic disturbances. To ensure the stability of the system, an adaptive PID controller based on the methods of kinematics and dynamics of a multi-link system is proposed. The analytical conclusions of direct kinematics, the calculation of the Jacobian matrix, and the perturbation compensation algorithm are described in detail. The experimental part is presented in the form of MATLAB modeling, the results of which are illustrated by graphs of motion, error convergence, dependence of link angles and control moments, as well as comparative tables of system characteristics at various levels of disturbances.

Keywords: robotics, manipulator, adaptive PID controller, dynamic control, direct kinematics, Jacobian matrix, perturbation compensation

The article analyzes modern methods of planning and rescheduling schedules for software development projects in conditions of dynamically changing requirements and limited resources. The scientific task of optimizing the management processes of the development team through the dynamic allocation of tasks is formulated, which is relevant due to the need to quickly respond to changes in the production calendar and project input data. The proposed solution is based on the use of a genetic algorithm to automate schedule rescheduling, which allows taking into account key performance criteria such as minimizing downtime, optimal load distribution among employees, and compliance with technological dependencies between tasks. The analysis showed that the dynamic rescheduling technique is able to quickly adjust the initial schedule when new requirements appear or working conditions change, which significantly improves the quality of planning and increases the system's resilience to external changes. The results of the study confirmed that the developed approach allows achieving an optimal balance between the usefulness of the work performed and the cost of adjusting the plan. The data obtained indicate that the use of genetic algorithms for dynamic schedule management in software development projects is highly promising, which opens up opportunities for further research in the field of flexible management methods and adaptive resource allocation in conditions of uncertainty.

Keywords: genetic algorithms, optimization problems, schedule theory, project management, the problem of ordering projects with limited resources

In modern conditions of digital transformation, companies are actively implementing customer Relationship Management systems (CRM systems) to manage customer relationships. However, the issues of data protection, confidentiality and transparency of interaction remain critically important. This article explores the possibilities of using blockchain technology to enhance the security of CRM systems and improve trust between businesses and customers. The purpose of the work is to analyze the potential of using blockchain in data protection of CRM systems, as well as to assess its impact on the transparency of customer transactions. The paper examines the main threats to data security in CRM, the principles of blockchain technology and its key advantages in this context, including decentralization, immutability of records and protection from unauthorized access. Based on the analysis, promising areas of blockchain integration into CRM systems have been identified, practical recommendations for its application have been proposed, and the potential effectiveness of this technology has been assessed. The results of the study may be useful to companies interested in strengthening the protection of customer data and increasing the transparency of user interaction processes.

Keywords: blockchain, CRM-system, security, data protection, transparency, customer interaction

The article discusses the use of a recurrent neural network in the task of predicting pollutants in the air based on simulated data in the form of a time series. Neural recurrent network models with long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) are used to build the forecast. Unidirectional LSTM (hereinafter simply LSTM), as well as bidirectional LSTM (Bidirectional LSTM, hereinafter Bi-LSTM). Both algorithms were applied for temperature, humidity, pollutant concentration, and other parameters, taking into account both seasonal and short-term changes. The Bi-LSTM network showed the best performance and the least errors.

Keywords: environmental monitoring, data analysis, forecasting, recurrent neural networks, long-term short-term memory, unidirectional, bidirectional

The article considers the influence of the technical condition of buildings on their additional deformations in the zone of influence of new construction. As a result of the survey, it was confirmed that the buildings of the historical development of the III category of technical condition were in an unsatisfactory condition. In accordance with this, a numerical calculation was carried out, as a result of which an option for strengthening their foundations with the help of piles made using jet technology was proposed. According to the preliminary numerical calculation, additional deformations of buildings of the III category did not exceed the maximum permissible values. The adopted option of strengthening in this case did not justify itself and the actual deformations of the buildings turned out to be higher than the limit values ​​already at the zero mark. Based on the monitoring data, it was found that the values ​​of additional settlements are constantly growing in the process of erecting buildings of the multifunctional complex. Based on the calculation data, graphs were constructed illustrating the discrepancy between the actual additional deformations and the calculated values ​​depending on the category of the technical condition of the buildings and their location in the zone of influence of the pit. Thus, when determining the zone of influence of new construction in close proximity to historical buildings, it is necessary to take into account their technical condition and operational safety.

Keywords: technical condition category of buildings, zone of influence of new construction, additional deformations, estimated and actual settlements of buildings

in modern dynamically developing cities, renovation processes are often accompanied by new construction in already built-up areas. In recent years, in Yekaterinburg, the loss of urban facilities that were well known to citizens has caused more and more resonance and attracted the attention of public organizations that oppose demolition. This article attempts to analyze the changes that have occurred in four Ural cities in terms of the loss of architectural objects, compare the reaction of citizens to these losses and determine the most significant losses for cities.

Keywords: demolition, historical heritage, preservation, loss, cities, renewal, urban environment, public organizations, citizens, significance, value

The cargo turnover of modern distribution centers of network operators reaches hundreds of thousands of tons per year. The technological load on the floors in the warehouse part of the building is 8-10 t/m2 (80-100 kPa), on the floors – up to 2.4 t/m2 (24 kPa). These loads transfer significant pressure through the foundations of the frame to the ground, which, with large sole sizes and mutual influence, increases the lower boundary of the compressible thickness and, as a result, the draft of structures. In the presence of weak soils at the base, precipitation reaches exorbitant values. The situation is aggravated by the high groundwater level, which also increases the sedimentation of foundations. The article presents and analyzes options for solving the problem by strengthening the base by compacting the top layer and cementing it to different depths depending on the pressure and construction of the foundation.

Keywords: reinforcement of the base, recycling, permissible calculated precipitation, calculated soil resistance

This paper examines the evolution of church architecture in Syria from the 4th to the early 6th century. Given the extensive damage to historical sites due to ongoing conflicts, this study relies on a comprehensive analysis of archival records, bibliographic sources, iconographic materials, and regulatory documents. By systematically categorizing churches based on their architectural characteristics and historical context, this research identifies the dominant structural typologies and traces their transformation over time. The findings reveal three primary church forms—hall churches, three-aisled basilicas, and centralized churches—each reflecting distinct regional and chronological developments. The study further assesses material use, spatial organization, and stylistic elements, evaluating their role in shaping Syrian Christian architecture. While certain features, such as exterior moldings and basilica proportions, suggest a unique architectural identity, the evidence remains inconclusive. This research contributes to a deeper understanding of Syrian church architecture and highlights the need for further field studies and preservation efforts.

Keywords: Syria, early Christianity, Christian churches, Syrian church building style, systematization

We conducted experimental studies to determine the thermal conductivity of polyurethane foams with different structural parameters, such as cell type and size. The purpose of the study was to investigate the contribution of radiant heat exchange to the thermal conductivity of polyurethane foams. The studies were conducted using the ITP-MG4 thermal conductivity meter in two distinct versions. In the first instance, the thermal conductivity of polyurethane foam was measured without the inclusion of a foil layer, whereas in the second instance. The results of the studies demonstrated that, depending on the morphology of the foam, the contribution of radiant heat exchange to thermal conductivity ranges from 5.88% to 15.87%.

Keywords: cellular materials, thermal insulation, polyurethane foam, thermal conductivity, radiation, morphology

The application of a mechanical-empirical method of designing road pavement for predicting track formation on the surface of road structures is discussed in the article . The occurrence of ruts is one of the most common types of defects in road surfaces, significantly reducing safety and comfort of movement. MEPDG calculation models were used in this work for assessing the stability of a road structure to the accumulation of plastic deformations. Models takes into account factors such as the intensity and axial load of transport, climatic conditions, and the physic and mechanical properties of coating materials. An example of predicting the depth of a track using the considered method is given.

Keywords: rutting, mechanical and empirical method, road pavement, forecasting, MEPDG, traffic loads, climatic conditions

The article discusses the main aspects of architecture in the Russian style. The study of the structure of Russian and neo-Russian style structures makes it possible to understand the features of creating fractal elements of these unique and distinctive buildings. The characteristic elements of Russian-style architectural structures are listed. The differences between the structures built by architects in Russia at different times are shown. The article considers examples of the harmonious inclusion of buildings of Russian architecture in modern urban space. The development of this style in our time is of interest in Russia and in the world. It is necessary to develop and rethink traditional methods of image and shaping, developing national architecture.

Keywords: architecture, Russian style, architectural element, fractal structures

The article discusses the problem of the lack of regulatory requirements and methodological recommendations for choosing the type of hinged facade systems, depending on the cladding materials and architectural features of buildings and structures. In the course of the study, modern cladding materials for hinged facade systems were considered and their classification was compiled. The main criteria for choosing a facade system are determined, taking into account various factors such as architectural features and installation technology. The author substantiates the need to develop a methodology for choosing a facade system depending on the architecture of the building and the type of cladding material.

Keywords: hinged facade systems, cladding materials, choice of facade system, building architecture, facade design, modular facade systems, installation of facade systems

The presented article reveals the issue of using waste from the automotive industry of rubber products as one of the possible ways to improve the quality of asphalt pavement and, accordingly, reduce the number of repair activities and material costs for their implementation and increase the service life of the roadway. The tests carried out show that the asphalt-concrete mixture using a modifier based on active rubber powder demonstrates the best mechanical and operational characteristics. The strength and elasticity of asphalt concrete increases, as well as the abrasion resistance decreases, which leads to a longer use time of this web. Such changes in the characteristics of the roadway have a positive effect on the economic side of the issue. Improving the quality of the finished product increases the time intervals between repair actions, which reduces material and resource costs. The adhesion of the road to the rubber of cars is improved.

Keywords: asphalt concrete, asphalt mix, automobile waste, rubber crumb, modifier, active rubber powder

With the aging of Chinese society becoming an increasingly serious problem, the elderly care industry is gaining development. Nursing homes provide a wide range of services and include residential, medical, leisure and domestic facilities. Architectural solutions of modern elderly care facilities have significant differences from traditional ones. Traditional architectural solutions of nursing homes do not meet modern standards and requirements cannot be adapted to the needs of rapidly developing modern society. Therefore, it seems relevant to determine the principles of architectural organization of modern nursing homes in China. The purpose of the study is to determine the principles of architectural organization of modern nursing homes in China. To achieve the goal, the experience of design and construction of modern nursing homes in China and abroad was analyzed. Research methods: study of scientific works revealing the issues of architectural organization of nursing homes; study of design and graphic materials characterizing the practice of design and construction of elderly care institutions in China and abroad. The study revealed the following principles of architectural organization of modern nursing homes: the principle of regionality, the principle of targeting, the principle of individuality and privacy, the principle of openness, the principle of integration of medical function.

Keywords: nursing homes, regionality, addressability, individuality and privacy, openness, medical

The article analyzes approaches to assessing the degree of uniformity in the use of labor resources in the construction sector. The Herfindahl-Hirschman index is proposed as a key tool, which makes it possible to quantify the uniformity of the distribution of labor at various stages of the construction process. The use of this index contributes to more rational planning of labor costs, which helps to reduce downtime, prevent overloading of employees and, as a result, increase the overall efficiency of construction projects.

Keywords: uniformity of labor force use, indicators of uniformity, assessment of uniformity, labor resources, calendar planning

The article presents the results of studies of the strength properties of heat-protective fiber-gypsum-cement-vermiculite-concrete (FGCPVC) composites with volcanic ash with a maximum grain size of 0.16 mm, polydisperse reinforced with polypropylene RS produced by Russeal and basalt fibers of the RNB-9-1200-4s grade produced by PAO Ivosteklo. Expanded vermiculite of the 0.16–5 mm fraction from the St. Petersburg Mica Factory was used. It was found that the efficiency of the SDO additive at a dosage of up to 0.2% is from 2.3 to 3.1% of entrained air per 0.1% SDO, further increase in the dosage is impractical. Polypropylene fibers do not have a significant effect on the strength properties of FGCPVC composites. Reinforcement of FGCPBB composites with basalt fibers increases the compressive strength by up to 16%, bending strength by up to 73%, the Rf/R ratio with equal compressive strength increases to 51%. Polydisperse reinforcement of FGCPBB composites with basalt and polypropylene fibers increases the compressive strength by up to 40%, bending strength by more than two (2.26) times, the Rf/R ratio with equal compressive strength increases to 65%.

Keywords: gypsum, portland cement, ash, expanded vermiculite, polypropylene and basalt fibers, composites, compressive and flexural strength

A significant number of long-span public buildings with spatial steel structures are designed, erected and exploited in our country. One of the main areas of their application are unique sports objects. In the article experience of dye penetrant inspection of the Gorki Gorod Mall's long-span steel dome's welded joints is analyzed. The shopping and entertainment center was built in Sochi for the 2014 Olympic Games. Methodology, advantages and disadvantages of dye penetrant inspection are given. Typical defects of welded joints in spatial metal structures identified by this method are described. The data obtained from the experience of use of such structures allows to actualize and expand the developing normative documents.

Keywords: defect, dome, dye penetrant inspection, grid shell, inspection, long-span structure, non-destructive testing, spatial rod structure, steel structure, welded joint