The article provides a comprehensive analysis of defects in monolithic reinforced concrete structures, commonly encountered during the construction of multi-storey buildings. The main types of defects and damage are discussed, such as cracks, concrete spalling, destruction of the protective layer, exposure and corrosion of reinforcement bars, formation of cavities, concrete overflow, gravelly texture, geometric deviations, and cold joints in concreting. Their general description, causes of occurrence, classifications, parameters, and consequences for the operational characteristics of the structures are presented. Special attention is given to modern diagnostic methods and repair technologies, which significantly extend the service life of buildings and enhance their safety throughout their lifecycle. The results presented can be used by engineers, builders, and repair specialists to optimize construction processes, control the quality of work, and ensure the timely elimination of identified defects.

Keywords: Inspection of structural elements, reinforced concrete, defects of monolithic structures, cracks, reinforcement corrosion, repair, concrete quality, cold joint, monolithic construction, concrete surface quality

Construction in the Far North presents a unique challenge requiring the adaptation of technologies, materials and methods to extreme climatic conditions. The article analyzes the world experience, including geotechnical research, architectural solutions, infrastructure and environmental aspects. Examples of successful projects are given, which illustrates the effectiveness of using modern technologies and methods to ensure sustainable development in the North regions. A system of criteria for assessing the level of large-scale construction in the Far North conditions is proposed.

Keywords: construction, technology, northern territories, low resource consumption, waste minimization, minimization of environmental impact, modular construction, system of criteria