This paper proposes an accurate and dynamic method for diagnosing of crop diseases. This method adopts Bayesian networks to represent the relationships among the symptoms and crop diseases. This method has one main difference from the existing diagnosis methods - it does not use all the symptoms in the diagnosis, but purposively selects a subset of symptoms which are the most relevant to diagnosis; the active symptom selection is based on the concept of a Markov blanket in a Bayesian network. Theoretical analysis demonstrates that the proposed method can significantly enhance the performance of crop disease diagnosis.

Keywords: plant disease recognition, mathematical model, Bayesian network, machine learning, Markov blanket

Cast iron occupies one of the most important places among structural materials and is widely used in the manufacture of critical automotive parts.The article examines the possibility of processing gray cast iron by surface plastic deformation (SPD) and the study of its hardening depth in order to control the stress-strain state (SSS) of the surfaces of parts. Modeling is carried out, calculations are close to the real situation, a three-dimensional finite element model is used. The data obtained were analyzed by the least squares method (LSM), graphs were plotted.Also, based on the data obtained, it was found that the relationship between the degree of plastic deformation, the diameter of the indenter and the depth of work hardening is an equation that describes the surface. The carried out researches and the received dependence allow to increase the accuracy of forecasting of results of processing of PPD cast iron.

Keywords: grey iron,plastic deformation, bilinear deformation diagram, indentation depth, spherical indenter

Electronics is the most capacious and rapidly developing industry in our country. Modern methods of designing electronic devices are unthinkable without the use of computer technology, in particular, specialized programs for computer analysis and modeling of circuit diagrams of the devices being developed. Intelligence is the key link in electronics at the present stage of its development. This is due to the emergence and widespread adoption of microcircuits such as microcontrollers. This aspect provides fundamentally new opportunities for solving a wide variety of tasks, including tasks of a strategic orientation that require prompt solutions. All this became possible primarily because devices based on a microcontroller require algorithmic and further software, which makes it possible to create intelligent systems and devices. One such device will be discussed in this article. The developed device is a system consisting directly of a control system, an actuating device, which is a decision-making device, a power unit and peripheral devices. The article explains the idea, the principle of operation of the developed device, the structural and schematic diagrams of the developed main blocks of the device, as well as their algorithmic support, which is based on the principle of intelligent control. The developed device is designed to automatically maintain the level of illumination at the level set by the operator in the premises of industrial enterprises.

Keywords: intelligent control, sensor unit, binary code, synchronization circuit, transistor switch, bus driver, optosimistor, control system, actuator, power unit

The article is devoted to the research and development of an automated control system for the technological process of obtaining E. coli. E. coli belongs to gram-negative rod-shaped bacteria of the Enterobacteriaceae family of facultative anaerobes. It is the most famous microbe in the world and has different types of strains. Commensal E.coli are harmless and often found in nature. Currently, great attention is paid to the use of modified E.coli for the production of recombinant proteins, amino acids. The results of mathematical modeling of the automated system are presented. The simulation was performed using SimInTech and MathCAD software tools. The object of management is the cultivation capacity. The temperature of the Escherichia coli is accepted as a regulated technological parameter, which is controlled by changing the degree of valve opening. The method of passive experiment was used to build an automated control system. The main parameters of the control object are obtained.

Keywords: automated control system, technological process, E. coli, mathematical modeling, control object, transfer function, control parameters

3D integration technologies based on highly integrated substrates and bare chips solve the problem of miniaturization of complex functional devices. However, increasing complexity and decreasing mass-size parameters of products lead to problems of effective heat distribution and dissipation from frameless microcircuits. The article considers features and problems of thermal analysis of 3D computing microsystem based on several modules with bare-metal chips, and also shows the importance of modeling the actual heat generation of programmable logic integrated circuits.

Keywords: microassembly, microsystem, chipless chip, FPGA, thermal analysis, CAD, finite element method, heat transfer simulation, printed circuit board, three-dimensional integration

To date, the issue of industrial development of the Northern territories of Russia is being actualize. The main task is the production of concrete works that require the use of special methods. The purpose of the current article is to justify the need to develop a software solution that allows you to automate the calculation of the pa-rameters of the heating wire during winter concreting. The author raises the ques-tion of the relevance of using the method of winter concreting on the example of heating wires. The paper analyzes aspects of the design of this program. The scien-tific significance of the article lies in the possibility of using the presented materials as a basis for creating a real software solution. The predominant part of the article is devoted specifically to the issues of creating a solution for automating the calcu-lation of heating wire parameters during winter concreting.

Keywords: construction, program, automation, heating wire, winter concreting, the Far North

Abstract: This article discusses the prospects and problems of the development of digital technologies in the construction industry of the Russian Federation. The work presents the main legislative acts and federal projects aimed at the digitalization of construction in the country, the features of the introduction of digital technologies at all stages of the life cycle of capital construction projects, including: building information modeling (BIM), their digital twins (Digital Twin), the Internet of things ( IoT), with the help of which a single information space is created that allows collecting, systematizing all the received data, on the basis of which management is carried out at various stages of the life cycle.

Keywords: digital transformation, construction, building life cycle, BIM technologies, Digital Twin

The paper describes the development of a system for indoor microclimate parameters monitoring. The developed system includes a hardware part implemented on the basis of the Arduino UNO platform, and a software part consisting of a server and a client application. The DHT11 temperature and humidity sensor was connected to the Arduino UNO board. Ethernet Shield expansion card was used to transmit the collected values over the network. The server part of the developed system includes program code in the PHP programming language and a database. The client application is implemented in the Python programming language and Qt framework. The developed monitoring system has been tested. It was found that the accuracy of readings and delays in the operation of the system are within acceptable limits for the problem under consideration.

Keywords: microclimate, temperature, humidity, Arduino, Ethernet, Python, PHP, QT, Apache, MySQL, database

Reducing the risk of human-made disasters is directly related to the trouble-free operation of nuclear power plants. Analysts name the human factor like a one of the causes of accidents at the nuclear power plants, which mainly determines both the probability of their occurrence and the consequences. Minimizing of the human factor impact suggests a number of actions, including automation and digitalization, the applying of which on the plant is impossible without of mathematical models of technological processes. A simulation model of a digital automatic control system (SAR) of pressure in a pressure compensator used to maintain pressure in the first circuit of the nuclear power plant is presented in this article. As a result of modeling are the charts of transition process which are used for calculating of the digital ACS quality indicators. The ACS simulation model is implemented in a classical way, but in practice such classical regulators do not provide the predefined quality indicators. In this connection, a model of adaptive ACS with a neuroregulator is proposed to improve the qualitative characteristics of the system.

Keywords: nuclear power plant, reactor, compensator, pressure, temperature, perturbation, regulator, valve, gate valve, turbine, model, circuit, neural network, optimization.

The article considers aspects of industrial forest management based on automation of control of local positioning, engineering and information technology of unmanned industry. Original algorithms for automatic control of unmanned technical systems and contact elements of technological equipment under the forest canopy, directly implementing the operations of the technological process, have been created and tested. Software complexes for data collection and control of information flows, providing stable functioning of the last generation local positioning means, have been developed and registered. The designs, methods and architecture of unmanned ground, suspended and airborne systems for industrial forest management, forest maintenance, located in specially protected natural areas and industries indirectly related to forest or forest land have been proposed.

Keywords: automation, digitalisation, method, algorithm, synthesis, technology, positioning, control method, digital model, modelling

The guarantee of ensuring the safety of people and material assets in the event of a fire requires a careful approach to the design and installation of smoke ventilation. In order to evacuate people from the smoke zone in a timely manner, technical devices with a normalized limit of resistance to fire are installed – smoke valves. To determine the distribution of the pressure of the air flow in the smoke control valve over its cross-sectional area, the method of mathematical modeling is used. With the help of a mathematical model, visual modeling of the distribution of the gas-air mixture flow is carried out, a detailed analysis of hazardous factors is carried out, an assessment of the possible temperature and time of flame propagation, determination of the probable degree of smoke in the interior space and the ways of smoke movement.

Keywords: smoke, fire, ventilation system, smoke protection, smoke valve, mathematical model

The problem of controlling stepper motors of a road printer using the method of neuro-fuzzy control is considered. An algorithm for developing an intelligent control system for stepper motors is described. A training sample is obtained according to the data of variables determined as a result of modeling an automatic control system with a continuous proportional-integral-differentiating (PID) regulator. Training of the adaptive neuro-fuzzy output system by the hybrid method was performed using the MATLAB program. Transient characteristics of the control system with continuous and neuro-fuzzy PID regulators have been built. Direct indicators of the quality of the considered control systems of stepper motors have been determined, and an analysis of these results has been carried out. The use of neuro-fuzzy-PID control of stepper motors made it possible to obtain a high-quality transient process, confirmed as a result of a computational experiment.

Keywords: Road printer, stepper motor, travel printer, stepper motor, transfer function, adaptive neuro-fuzzy output system

The article presents the results of evaluation of photobiological efficiency of technological LED lighting in growing cucumber plants Svyatogor F1 variety under light culture conditions. In the experiment phyto-irradiators (FI) with high-pressure sodium lamps of DNAT type (control variant), as well as LED FI of combined spectrum were used. On the basis of photobiological experiments it was found that the emission of OP2 (where radiation with  = 730 nm was 3.1 times more and radiation with  = 660 nm 1.23 times less than in the emission spectrum of OP3) was more effective, providing not only better quality of cucumber seedlings but also higher productivity. The practical significance of the obtained results is shown.

Keywords: phyto-irradiator, LED light source, light-culture, photobiological research, radiation spectrum, photosynthetically active radiation, photosynthetic photon irradiation, cucumber plant

The features of the mathematical, algorithmic and software of the developed simulator-training system (STS) for the control of visual modeling skills in the preparation of students in areas of automation, informatization, robotization are considered. The use of STS allows you to automatically generate individual options for practical tasks for the development and analysis of visual models, automatically evaluate the correctness of the tasks performed by students, form advising influences for the student (remarks and recommendations for a better understanding of the topic under study). The use of STS in the process of monitoring the initial skills of visual modeling in students will: reduce the need for manual compilation of a large number of options for tasks by the teacher and subsequent verification of the results of their implementation; improve the quality of education, taking into account the specifics of the areas of student training under consideration.

Keywords: information systems in education, training system, automated control of knowledge and skills, visual modeling, unified modeling language (UML)

The article presents the results of a full-factor experiment and analyzesthe impact of various factors, such as the number of transitions a tape machine, the characteristics of an infrared laser diode and a the humidity of the material on the magnitude of the signal response when infrared radiation passes through the tape.

Keywords: fiber mixing quality, infrared estimation method, planning matrix, regression equation, model adequacy

International transport-logistics corridors represent the most optimal routes in terms of structure and direction for the spatial movement of goods by various modes of transport. The routes of international transport-logistics corridors pass through the most rational directions. International transport-logistics corridors are the result of integration of the transport systems of neighboring countries into a common single common route. They pursue the goal of ensuring sustainable and reliable transportation of goods both between the countries participating in international transport and logistics corridors, and in the direction of other countries. This ensures the economic efficiency of joint transportation of goods. Therefore, international transport -logistics corridors perform an important transit function, ensuring the passage of large trade and logistics flows. In order to systematize various types of international transport and logistics corridors, their typology is being carried out. The authors of this article consider various types of international transport-logistics corridors, identified according to the most important criteria. According to the purposes of creation and the economic functions performed, transit, developing and trade international transport and logistics corridors were identified. According to the type of communication carried out, the corridors are represented by various types of land, water and air transport. On a spatial basis, trans-European, pan-European corridors, trans-Asian and North American corridors are distinguished. According to the type of transportation, corridors are classified into freight, passenger and cargo-passenger. Depending on the ratio of the parties involved, the corridors are two-sided, unequal and one-sided.

Keywords: international transport-logistics corridors, transportation, typology, typological approach, transport and logistics flow, cargo transportation, international transportation, transport systems

The given review of hygrothermal processes in the processing of grain crops, their features is presented from the standpoint of nanotechnology. It is shown that for the developed nanotechnologies in the production of agricultural products, it is necessary to apply non-traditional methods of process research, which is the method of similarity of the functioning of technical systems (SFTS). This method will allow for the processes of humidification, drying, wet-heat treatment in vacuum conditions to obtain generalized similarity criteria, determine their numerical values and obtain generalized criterion dependences of the intensity of the processes under consideration on the processing parameters. The implementation of the method will allow us to quantitatively describe the processes of hygrothermal grain processing in vacuum conditions, assign processing parameters and manage them. Mathematical models of hygrothermal processes have been developed based on the method of similarity of the functioning of technical systems depending on the parameters of the medium and the structure of capillary-porous grain shells.

Keywords: hydrothermal effects, grain crops, vacuum, nanotechnology, humidification, drying, wet-heat treatment, capillary-porous materials, microcapillary, the criterion of sublbiya, the method of similarity of the functioning of technical systems

This article describes the results of research on the possibility of detecting sunflower plants from photographs taken by a UAV. The solution to this problem will allow automated control of an important agricultural parameter - seedling density. The problem is complicated by the limited amount of training sample and "disturbances" associated with field weeding. As the result we obtain that the YOLOv5m neural network is capable on a sample of 122 pictures to qualitatively detect plants with an error of 0.077% of training. Artificially increasing the sample to 363 pictures reduces the learning error to 0.063%. Disturbances reduce the detection efficiency of sunflower plants in the test images. It is possible to increase the detection efficiency either by adding original images to the training sample or by artificially enlarging the sample.

Keywords: detection, YOLOv5, sunflower, seedling density, neural network

The article is devoted to the actual problem of automating the life support processes of the system “intelligent building”, through the introduction of telemetry modules, in order to comply with the requirements of high-quality supervision, control and precautionary measures, in particular, in the areas of maintenance of water networks, responsibility for the operation of engineering networks and facilities between suppliers and consumers, ensuring water quality analysis. An analysis of the automated dispatching control and management system (on the example a water intake unit) shows that a lot of works (both Russian and foreign researchers) are devoted to the issues of control and distribution of water supply in the city, but narrowing the object of study to a complex of an automated sodium hypochlorite dosing system, the possibility of its optimization, taking into account the specific states of the system. The formulas given in the work for calculating the working dose and the amount of active chlorine, well as the number of strokes the dispenser pumps and the formulas for determining the actual working dose of the disinfection process, open up the possibility of clearly monitoring the actual dose and adjusting it, analyzing in detail the main parameters of the disinfection system. At the same time, the automatic control of the complex is carried out by a controller and PC, and the relevance lies in the use of telemetry control modules for organizing uninterrupted, remote operation of the dispatch service. Thanks to telemetric means of dispatching control and management of the state of water supply facilities, the process reaches a new qualitative level. The functionality of the water intake unit is expanding due to the introduction of telemetry and telecontrol system in the form of separate technological modules. The developed modules (through spatial and time series models) provide the performance of additional functions, such as: water quality control (residual chlorine, accounting for a number of random pollution factors), support for the route technology of the dispatching system, remote control of actuators with the possibility of automatic control, self-diagnostics of the software and hardware complex, as well as planning preventive measures. repair and restoration works of engineering systems. As a result of operational monitoring of water quality (using a telemetry module), optimal ratios of chlorine entering the water are automatically provided in the chlorination room. At the same time, the author convincingly proves that the use of the proposed method for monitoring and transmitting data makes it possible to perform continuous remote diagnostics (of communication channels, the performance of all systems) and, importantly, there is no need to send specialists directly to the object each time (parameterization and calibration of devices is carried out remotely). Quick setting of limit levels and modes of operation allows you to flexibly control the production process, reconfigure it according to changing tasks and re-equip it (if necessary).

Keywords: diversification of management, production diversification, financial and economic purposes of a diversification, technological purposes of ensuring flexibility of production

The problem of synthesizing the parameters of the drive control system of the responsible unit of the construction 3D printer - the screw dispenser of the print head using the method of neuro-fuzzy control is considered. An algorithm for building an intelligent drive control system is described. A training sample is obtained from the data of variables determined as a result of modeling the automatic system control with a continuous proportional-integral-differentiating (PID) regulator. Training of a neuro-fuzzy output system in the MATLAB software environment is performed using the hybrid method a. Transient characteristics of the control system with continuous and neuro-fuzzy proportional-differentiating (PD) regulator are obtained. Direct indicators of the quality of the considered control systems are determined, and an analysis of these results is carried out. The use of neuro-fuzzy control of the screw doser drive of the 3D printer print head made it possible to obtain the desired a transient process confirmed as a result of a computational experiment.

Keywords: 3D printer, screw dispenser drive, print head, concrete mix, transfer function, proportional-integral-differentiating controller, neuro-fuzzy output system

This article describes the principle of operation of an unmanned vehicle. The cargo "car of the future", which will guarantee the safety, timeliness of the workflow, be based on automatic control without the participation of the "human factor" and optimize labor resources. The manufacturers' market is making every technical and financial effort to implement this type of car, most companies have already launched test versions of equipment in order to "keep up with the times". In order to have a complete picture of the available capacities and assess the development in this segment of technological progress, an analysis of unmanned trucks of the foreign market is presented. But taking into account the difference in the scale of the territory, terrain and weather conditions makes it clear that Russian production should take as a basis other distinctive features when developing this type of transport. The Russian experience of the introduction of an unmanned truck in harsh climatic conditions in the fields is also studied and the further path of drones on Russian roads is considered.

Keywords: transport, unmanned vehicle, drone, unmanned trucks, the future

Pipe fittings, which are one of the main elements of any type of pipeline networks, can be used for various purposes: shut-off, reverse, safety, control, separating, shutting off, etc. In order to control the performance of this element, it is necessary to carry out various tests in the prescribed manner, the main ones being pneumatic. This study is devoted to the development of equipment for in-plant pneumatic testing of rotary check valves for pipeline systems of hazardous production facilities with ultra-high parameters of the working environment. For this design of the installation, the simulation of the stress-strain state of the elements of the installation was carried out, as well as the gas-dynamic calculation of the test circuit of the installation.

Keywords: rotary check valve, pipeline fittings, pipeline system, mathematical modeling, finite element method, strength analysis, stress-strain state, computational fluid dynamics, pneumatic testing, technological pneumatic installation

The article provides a brief analysis of the processes that occur when starting an electric motor. Mathematical relations modeling the process of starting a direct current motor are presented. Graphical dependences allowing to determine parameters of a thermistor providing an optimum start-up of a direct current machine have been obtained.

Keywords: starting current, thermistor, starting rheostat, thermal characteristic, DC motor, boundary conditions, torque resistance, idealized rheostat, heat loss, economical starting

The article gives a brief analysis of thermal processes occurring during the start-up of an electric motor. Mathematical relations modeling the distribution of thermal energy in the thermistor during the process of starting the DC motor are presented. Graphic dependences are presented, which allow to make arrangement of thermoresistors for the starting rheostat and to determine parameters of the starting rheostat obtained in this way. Application of the starting rheostat made on the basis of thermistors, provide an optimal starting of a DC motor.

Keywords: control gears, thermistor, starting rheostat, DC motor, temperature, dynamic characteristic, form of starting current

Location of compensating devices is determined by various factors: configuration of power supply system, enterprise load schedule, type and length of power lines, parameters of capacitor banks, value of supply voltage. We consider the influence of the above factors on the creation of a mathematical model to determine the location of compensating devices, taking into account the minimum economic costs.

Keywords: compensating devices, reactive power compensation, power system, power grids of industrial enterprises, load schedule, mathematical model, reduced costs