This article is devoted to the study of domestic and international experience in designing children’s educational centers. The purpose of the study is to identify urban planning and spatial-planning aspects of design, as well as trends and approaches to designing children’s educational centers, taking into account the specific features of architectural development.

Keywords: education, design, leisure, culture, planning solution, structure, multifunctionality, unique facility, environment, public space

Additive technologies, or 3D printing, open up new possibilities for architectural design, allowing you to create complex and unique shapes that were previously impossible using traditional methods. These technologies expand the boundaries of architectural creativity, contributing to the emergence of new organic and non-standard geometric solutions. The article examines examples of successful applications of additive technologies in architecture, such as the SOM polymer pavilion and the MARSHA Martian housing project, emphasizing their potential in creating aesthetically attractive and functionally effective structures.

Keywords: Additive technologies, 3D printing, architectural design, complex shapes, organic structures, complex geometry, MARSHA, NASA, functional efficiency, ultralight structures, aesthetics, innovation in architecture, architectural creativity, futuristic design

The article presents a system research of the factors of formation of architectural and typological models of a medium-rise dwelling. The research was conducted in two stages. At the first stage, the main internal and external factors of building architectural and typological models based on the study and processing of literary sources, analysis of modern domestic and foreign experience in designing medium-rise housing are collected and systematized. The structural elements of the factors are systematized according to well-established architectural concepts. At the second stage of the study, a matrix of dependencies between external and internal factors was formed, and the number of dependencies between internal and external factors was calculated. Based on the data obtained, the internal factors were grouped by the number of links with external factors. The obtained results of the system research provide the basis for further construction of a limited number of the most versatile and flexible architectural and typological models that take into account the greatest number of environmental conditions.

Keywords: architectural and typological models, urban planning conditions, cultural conditions, national and ethnographic conditions, natural and climatic conditions, socio-demographic conditions, medium-rise housing

This article examines the factors that influence the architectural formation of medical university buildings. The advantages and disadvantages of building construction and reconstruction are briefly analyzed. The main attention is paid to urban planning, natural and climatic, functional planning and economic factors, their influence on the architectural formation of buildings. Examples of the construction of medical university buildings in the 21st century are given.

Keywords: architecture, medical university, factors, architectural formation, university architecture

The article discusses the problem of renovation of facilities of port complexes (PCs). The purpose of the study is to identify possible architectural and spatial models of renovation. The method of morphological analysis is used. The port complex is being "decomposed" into its main structural elements, and their classification is given.: 1) elements of the water area; 2) functional and spatial elements; 3) components of the communication framework; 4) elements of visual communication. The obtained models create a methodological basis for the architectural and spatial renovation of the facilities of the port complex.

Keywords: port complex, renovation, models, aspects, elements, morphological approach

The article examines the history of the formation of the architecture of university campuses in the South of Russia (the territory of the modern Southern Federal District and Stavropol Krai) - from the creation of the first universities to the present day. The architectural, stylistic and planning features of campuses of different periods of construction are outlined in the context of the development of domestic architecture. The main factors of development and types of campuses in the South of Russia are identified.

Keywords: university campus, history of architecture, types of campuses, material and technical base

The features of the functional-planning and architectural-environmental organization of rehabilitation centers for injured athletes are investigated. A comparative analysis of the functional process of existing rehabilitation centers for the disabled and rehabilitation institutions for athletes is carried out; a system of additional specific measures and functional blocks influencing their architectural, environmental and planning characteristics is identified. For the stabilization, adaptation, recovery and consolidation stages, a specific group of rooms, spaces and equipment is offered, including: individual exercise machines, halls and rooms for group classes, simulators of psychological stress, as well as universal gyms and outdoor playgrounds for demonstration performances of athletes (at the "consolidation" stage). The presented proposals on the functional organization serve as a methodological basis for the formation of adaptive architectural and planning models of rehabilitation centers for athletes.

Keywords: rehabilitation center for athletes, architectural and planning organization, functional blocks

The article examines the history of the development of a children’s educational center and the influence of society’s social needs on shaping the architectural image of educational and cultural leisure institutions.

Keywords: education, school, leisure, culture, social institution, planning, structure, multifunctionality, monastery, university, cultural center, design principles

The article examines the current state of classification of planning structures of medium-rise residential buildings. An extension of the classification is offered based on the results of the analysis of modern national and foreign experience in the design of medium-rise residential buildings and the study of literary sources. New types are designated: a blocked and atrium medium-rise residential building. Medium-rise single-family and small-family block houses, their features, advantages and variations of the architectural and spatial structure depending on the location of residential cells are analyzed. The classification of atrium low-rise and multi-apartment medium-rise residential buildings is formulated. The closed and open atrium houses, their socio-economic and sanitary-hygienic advantages are considered. It has been established that residential cells in medium-rise blockaded and atrium residential buildings provide active recreation and professional work for a significant part of the modern urban population. The conclusion about the prospects of new types of medium-rise residential buildings is substantiated.

Keywords: architectural and spatial structure, atrium, atrium house, blocked house, urban dwelling, classification of residential buildings, planning structure, socio-professional structure of the population, medium-rise apartment building, residential cell

At the moment, it is necessary to actively develop domestic tourism. One of the options for affordable outdoor recreation near the house is glamping. Glamping is attractive because it can be located in recreational areas and does not require capital buildings. Prefabricated structures are used to organize recreation and leisure. The traditional structures are a geo dome and various prisms. The authors transformed the basic shapes of the glamping buildings in search of an optimal architectural design solution, which made it possible to create three different layout schemes. As a result of the conducted research, a variant of the development of the shape of the structure was proposed when combining a hemisphere and a triangular prism.

Keywords: domestic tourism, glamping, geodesic dome, aframe, dome frame, frame frame

The article offers a variant of the development of lighting design projects for outdoor architectural lighting. Based on the modeling of light distribution in the DIALux 4.13 program, brushes have been created using specific lighting devices that simulate lighting effects from real lighting devices. A variant of the sketch of outdoor architectural lighting using Adobe Photoshop has been created with the implementation of local lighting techniques using the example of a drama theater building. Using a three-dimensional model of the object, a light design project was created in the DIALux EVO program. The proposed method of creating sketches is useful in professional activities related to the development of sketches of lighting design projects based on their high-quality photographs without the need to develop three-dimensional models, for conceptual proposals of fragments of the urban light environment and landscape territories. Having developed a base of brushes (based on real light distributions of lighting devices), it is possible to create sketches of architectural lighting of buildings that implement various lighting techniques.

Keywords: adobe photoshop, dialux 4.13, dialux evo, sketch, brush, building facade, outdoor architectural lighting, lighting effect, lighting technique, architectural lighting concept

Providing the population with comfortable housing has always been a pressing issue. However, there are very few formalized criteria for this, apart from the regulation of minimum floor areas. In this context, the article deals with the problem of evaluating the efficiency of residential space design solutions in terms of their logistical comfort. For this purpose, a method is proposed that uses the apparatus of graph theory and allows to calculate the time cost of an "idle" move for a representative of a given social group in relation to the evaluated design solution. An idle move is a user's movement between characteristic functional zones of the layout. A special matrix is used to model the links between these zones, the construction of which is similar to that of the incident matrix in undirected graphs. As an example of the applicability of the proposed approach, several variants of layouts of one-room, two-room and three-room flats are considered. The comparison of the obtained results for different types of layouts, including those that existed 15-20 years ago and modern ones, indicates a tendency to increase the logistic comfort of modern layouts.

Keywords: planning solution, logistic comfort, idling, graph theory

The article analyzes the evolution of the architectural and spatial structure and recreational complex of mass housing in the largest cities of Southern Russia in relation to the socio-professional structure of the population from the beginning of the twentieth century to the present day. The research method is based on the provisions of the concept of the evolution of residential architecture based on the development of a recreational complex, developed by Professor V.M. Molchanov. The research method consists of conducting a retrospective analysis of the architectural and spatial structure and recreational complex of housing in the largest cities of Southern Russia based on the study and processing of literary sources, graphical analysis of the prevailing APS residential development in each designated period. Based on the revealed relationship, the social foundations of the formation of the architecture of mass housing in the period under review were revealed. Based on the results obtained, a forecast was made about prospective forms of organization of the architectural and spatial structure of the dwelling, taking into account current changes in professional groups of the post-industrial era, including a growing number of workers employed in the information sphere, culture and education. The conclusion is substantiated about the prospects of medium-rise urban development, which provides active recreation and professional work for a significant part of the modern urban population.

Keywords: architectural and spatial structure, urban housing, mass housing, recreation and wellness complex, social foundations of design, socio-professional structure of the population, evolution of housing

This article is devoted to the study of the advantages and disadvantages of the underground location of public facilities. Advantages such as: favorable acoustic conditions, stable temperature and humidity conditions, natural protection of the object from vibrations, natural noise protection of the object, aesthetic, economic and functional effects from the potential absence of a ground part, increased service life, lack of influence of weather conditions, inexhaustibility of underground resources, the possibility of improving engineering networks, independence from topographic terrain conditions. The following disadvantages are also considered: increased financial costs for construction, the presence of stereotypes regarding the psychological comfort of staying in an underground space, the lack of daylight. In conclusion, the article concludes that it is necessary to develop architectural methods and techniques to compensate for the disadvantages of the underground location of public facilities.

Keywords: architecture, underground architecture, underground space, public underground facility, architectural methods, underground urbanism, underground theater "Shanghai Culture Plaza Theater", underground ice complex "Gjovik", Ihva University campus

The article examines current trends in the design of multifunctional residential complexes (MHCs), reflecting changes in the requirements for the urban environment and social demands. The historical stages of the evolution of the MCC are analyzed, starting with ancient civilizations and ending with modern concepts of sustainable development. Special attention is paid to such key aspects as flexibility and adaptability of spaces, environmental sustainability, integration of high technologies, as well as social and community integration. The article also highlights additional trends such as polycentricity, autonomy, regulation of the boundaries of responsibility of residential units, functional and typological intensification of courtyard spaces, the principle of openness and transparency. It is concluded that modern housing and communal services strive to create a sustainable and comfortable urban environment capable of adapting to changes and meeting the needs of residents.

Keywords: multifunctional residential complex, sustainable architecture, autonomous architecture, adaptive architecture, residential environment, residential buildings

In the context of the administrative-territorial organization of Kuban, key features that determine the formation of church architecture are identified. Particular importance is given to the complex of architectural and urban planning solutions that were envisaged during the construction of Orthodox churches in Yekaterinodar. The individual, not preserved objects of church architecture in the historical period under study, recognized as significant for this settlement, are noted. The historical plan of Yekaterinodar of the first 19th century with established residential areas, religious buildings and structures is designated. A retrospective analysis of the placement of these objects in the architectural and planning structure of the city was conducted. Visual illustrations presented in the scientific study contribute to the structuring of the material. Attention is focused on the preservation of historical memory through objects of Orthodox heritage.

Keywords: church architecture, Cossacks, Kuban, religion, church, Orthodox churches, architecture, object, structure, appearance, tradition

The article analyzes the architectural features of the visitor centers of natural parks in the Volgograd region. The features of the influence of this type of building on ensuring protection and assisting in educating the public about the significance and uniqueness of various territories are considered. Visitor centers are specially created buildings or complexes designed for outreach work with park visitors. They perform a number of functions: informational, educational, environmental. The architectural features of visitor centers of natural parks in the Volgograd region are described. The concept of visitor centers of the Volga-Akhtubinskaya Floodplain Natural Park has been developed

Keywords: architecture, visitor center, natural and national parks, environmental architecture, recreational and health potential, national characteristics, construction, architectural design

The architecture of multifunctional residential complexes (MFRC) is considered in the aspect of “resistance” to external factors and influences. There are four levels of formation of the MFRK: the level of urban planning structure; level of volumetric-spatial organization; level of functional and architectural planning structure; the level of compositional organization and search for the expressive appearance of the MFRK. At each of the identified levels, the “target” indicators of “sustainable architecture” are achieved. The process of forming the MFRC is considered as a sequence of combinatorial search stages and procedures based on modeling the geometric parameters of the visual model of the MFRC in order to get as close as possible to the “stability indicator”. Four methods of combinatorial search modeling are proposed: the method of “overlaying” planning frames; method of “tracing” the formative contour; method of “collaging” functional planning elements; a method of combining “regular grids” in the public, business and residential parts of the MFRK. To intensify combinatorial search procedures, it is proposed to use digital design technologies.

Keywords: university complex, transit urban spaces, scenario approach, functional-thematic zones, architectural and environmental modules

Modernization of university campuses in the context of the development of domestic higher education and science to increase the technological sovereignty of the country is one of the pressing problems of modern domestic architecture. The article examines the main factors that determine the need to modernize existing university campuses and influence its capabilities and tools. Based on the analysis of these factors, the main modern requirements for campus modernization are formulated.

Keywords: modernization, university campus, modernization factors, modernization requirements

The article analyzes the Russian experience of renovation of port facilities. The purpose of the study is to identify best practices and directions for the development of PC facilities during their transformation. The experience of the cities of St. Petersburg, Nizhny Novgorod, Tyumen and Kazan is being studied. The best Russian practices in the following aspects of PC renovation are summarized: a) architectural and artistic, b) urban planning; c) functional and spatial. The resulting number of promising approaches and trends creates a methodological basis for the integration of these facilities into the structure of the city.

Keywords: port complex, renovation, transformation, water area, interaction, water facade

The possibility of architectural and spatial organization of a series of urban interiors located along the route of communication between buildings and faculties of university complexes of an “integrated” and “distributed” type is being considered. Requirements for such transit spaces are being formed. Options for a scenario for organizing such spaces are proposed, which is an algorithm for the spatial formation of successive functional zones and the student’s consciousness throughout the process of movement and learning. “Architectural-environmental modules” are proposed as a structural unit, including various equipment options and small architectural forms - as a means of organizing spatial scenarios. A typology of similar modules has been developed for various transit zones and types of urban spaces. This approach allows us to form and support the brand of the university as a unified communication space.

Keywords: university complex, transit urban spaces, scenario approach, functional-thematic zones, architectural and environmental modules.

The analysis of the condition, operating conditions and location of industrial and communal enterprises in the structure of the city of Moscow is carried out. A set of urgent problems related to the disordered nature of the placement of the main objects of the communal complex, leading to the complication of intra-urban industrial and transport communications, and the deterioration of the city's ecology, has been identified. To solve these problems, a new methodological approach is proposed in the organization of the layout of public utility facilities, which consists in optimizing their functional and planning solutions, in integrating interrelated technological and transport operations.

Keywords: urban development, transport communication, industrial and communal enterprise, architectural and planning solution, functional blocking, geographically balanced network nature of the location

Issues of the quality of university spaces have not been fully studied at present. Rapid transformations and the growing role of universities in city life require a serious scientific approach to organizing the environment of university campuses. This article examines the artistic and semiotic properties of façade architecture and spatial environments identified by various researchers. Based on the theoretical analysis performed, the aesthetic and informative qualities that are most important for organizing the image of a university campus are formulated. As an example of the practical use of the identified qualities, a developed design solution for one of the buildings of Volgograd State Technical University is presented.

Keywords: university campus, aesthetics of the university environment, informative qualities of facades, reconstruction of educational buildings, architectural semiotics

The article examines the architectural and artistic possibilities of facade structures and elements. The main architectural and artistic properties and components of facade structures and elements that create the shape of the facade surface are revealed. As a result of the study, it was revealed that the artistic possibilities of facade structures and elements are represented by a variety of types of decorative elements, geometric methods of developing their surfaces, specific visual properties, as well as various options for finishing with facade materials, surface detailing and shapes, and architectural possibilities of their use consist in a significant compositional diversity of spatial and volumetric characteristics, typological diversity of structures, the method of mounting and fastening to the facade plane.

Keywords: facade, surface, form, shaping, facade structures, architectural and artistic properties

The article outlines modern trends in the formation of the architecture of concert halls based on the use of long-span structures in the structure of the facility. The parameters of concert halls, which are affected by the use of long-span structures, are considered. Examples of the implementation of the architecture of concert halls using long-span structures made of various materials are presented. Theoretical assumptions have been made about the division of long-span structures into two types according to the nature of their influence on acoustics.

Keywords: concert halls, long-span structures, acoustics, architecture, acoustic characteristics, halls, architectural and building structures