In this paper, it is shown that the noise of the photodetector device (PD) is the dominant factor limiting the metrological characteristics in real distributed fiber-optic temperature sensors based on Raman scattering (RDTS), which contribute significantly to the process of signal noise using the example of the RDTS taking into account the noise of the PD, which was chosen as the avalanche photodiode (APD). The analysis of the main types of noise in the model of an APD in the model, including both basic PD noise, and characteristic for APDs, for example, their influence on the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR). The graphs of the dependence of the influence of noise on the RDTS, derived from the SNR ratio, are given and conclusions are drawn about the predominance of some noise over others under different conditions, based on their.

Keywords: distributed fiber optic temperature sensor, avalanche photodiode, shot noise, dark noise, thermal noise, amplitude noise, signal-noise ratio, random number distribution law

the article presents a possible concept of improving the flat solar collector in order to intensify the heat exchange process, which increases the quality and efficiency of the equipment under consideration. A brief description of the proposed configuration of the device is given. The positive aspects of such technology are described

Keywords: energy saving, heat exchange process intensification, independent heating circuit, irrational energy consumption

a method for calculation of electro-hydraulic raspylivatelja liquids. Theoretical dependences of the median diameter of aerosol drops on the fluid flow rate at different number of generator nozzle holes, on its main design parameters are presented.

Keywords: aerosol, dispersion, drop, generator, electrohydraulic atomizer

the article considers the possibility of increasing the efficiency of the solar collector by improving its heat exchange panel, which is implemented by optimizing the heat exchange processes using the concept of combining the thermal properties of different metals. The positive aspects of this method are described. A brief description of the comparative analysis is given

Keywords: heat exchange panel, energy saving, solar installation, alternative energy sources, thermal properties, heat transfer optimization, solar collector, heat exchange intensification

Data on the effect on human health of dust from office air conditioners are presented. The microbial and dispersion composition of dust has been studied. Studies have shown that the microbial number in the rooms depends on the floor on which the air conditioner is installed. Also, the presence of large fractions of dust decreases with increasing height at which the air conditioner is installed.

Keywords: air pollution, dispersion analysis, air conditioning systems, human health,bacteria, mukor, aspergillus, penicillium

The paper is concerned with relevant stress concentration research in construction elements made of structurally heterogeneous materials. On the base of the physico-mechanical model of structurally heterogeneous body (polycrystal) , with the use of finite elements method, stress distribution in construction elements made of polycrystalline metals with hexagonal lattice (magnesium, titanium, zinc) is investigated at various stress states. Coefficients of stress concentration in plates with circular holes are determined in the case of uniaxial tension, uniform biaxial tension, and pure shear. It is demonstrated that stress concentration coefficients calculated regarding microstructural factors of stress concentration can take values that considerably differ from values for isotropic body, depending on anisotropy of elastic properties of polycrystalline metals and a type of stress state

Keywords: linear and plane stress states, polycrystalline structure, microstructural factors, nonuniformity of stress

In article the qualitative structure of emissions of pollutants in the atmosphere of St. Petersburg is considered and also dynamics of change of volumes of emissions of solid substances on air environment of the city is analyzed

Keywords: emissions of pollutants, atmospheric air, the solid (weighed) substances, stationary sources, non-stationary sources

The paper deals with the results of study on the degrees of stress inhomogeneity caused by interaction between differently oriented crystalline grains in macrovolumes in case of non-uniform uniaxial tension. Calculation of finite element volume consisting of forty grains is performed. It has been revealed that the quantity of forty grains is enough for constituting the smallest body volume, which can be assumed to have the averaged properties of a macrovolume. Directions of crystallographic axes were selected randomly. Calculations were performed for various metals with cubic and hexagonal lattices. Based on the results of calculations, the curves of normal stresses in the central cross-section of the elementary volume were constructed. It has been found that the significant exceedance of normal stress values is possible in comparison to the values calculated for quasi-isotropic fine-grain material. Dependence between the degree of stress inhomogeneity and the degree of anisotropy of elastic properties has been demonstrated

Keywords: microvolume, macrovolume, non-uniform tension, degree of stress inhomogeneity

The abstract briefly describes modern architectural and planning tools to improve the powerefficiency of industrial buildings. The developments of the Soviet industrial architecture and current European trends are recorded. The features of climate in the South of Russia are considered. The perspective tendencies of increase ofpowerefficiency of industrial buildings are formulated. Examples of the use some of constructive methods and means of improvement of territories for increase of powerefficiency of industrial objects are presented

Keywords: industrial architecture, economic factors, energy efficiency, environmental friendliness, flexible planning solutions, functional mobility, additional engineering systems

The developed equipment is being created to increase the cost savings during the construction of the road infrastructure, to improve the quality of temporary winter roads, as well as to build them more quickly and conveniently. This technique replaces two cars in the construction of auto winter roads.

Keywords: auto-wintering, melting, combination, versatility, innovation, snow melting unit, economy, application, design, methods

The developed version of the snow plow plow is created in order to improve the performance of a single unit of equipment when clearing snow on wide streets and to preserve unimpeded movement in a dense stream of cars, as well as the use of technology on narrow streets

Keywords: clearing, productivity, folding, trails, KAMAZ, transportation, costs, area, speed, snow

The article deals with the current stage of modernization of the industrial sector of the economy and development strategies aimed at improving productivity in enterprises in the region. The purpose of the study: identification and analytical review of the main problems of increasing productivity in industrial enterprises of the Rostov region; definition and systematization of strategic directions of problem solving, taking into account the accumulated positive experience of the regional business community. The main methods of research are analysis and synthesis, analysis of statistical data, observation and synthesis.Specific examples of the successful use of the proposed management tools within the industrial enterprises of the largest region of Russia - the Rostov region are given. This region produces about 28% of the industrial output of the entire southern Federal district, while the growth rate of the main indicators of its socio-economic development is higher than the national average. It is concluded that in the region under consideration there are all the prerequisites for the implementation of the regional program "increasing productivity and employment support in the Rostov region" for 2018-2025 on the basis of the introduction of advanced information, innovative management technologies in production.

Keywords: management, socio-economic system, modernization, industrial sector, labor productivity, region, strategies, management models, management tools

The article presents the analysis of the properties of local fine aggregates, their influence on the characteristics of the concrete, and also presents the impact of screening crushing when it is introduced into the mixture in various proportions on the strength of concrete

Keywords: Concrete, screenings of crushing, construction sand, experiment, grain composition, concrete strength, small aggregates

Structurally heterogeneous materials, in particular polycrystalline materials, have wide application in construction and technics. The higher values of local microstress in comparison to the average values of stress lead to the faster exhaustion of bearing capacity and destruction. Therefore, nonuniformity of microstress and microstrain depending on structure, physical and mechanical properties, should be taken in consideration when estimating bearing capacity, especially for the elements of construction with different stress concentrators. On the base of the physico-mechanical model of structurally heterogeneous body stress concentration for small-scale plates , made of polycrystalline materials with hexagonal lattice, with circular holes, at the case of uniaxial stress state, is investigated. It is shown that coefficients of stress concentration depending on anisotropy of elastic properties of polycrystalline materials can take values which considerably differ from values for isotropic body. Physico-mechanical model developed for structurally heterogeneous body allows studying local microstress in the construction elements at various stress states, with different forms and kinds of stress concentrators, which is the subject of the further research

Keywords: stress distribution, structural heterogeneity of the material, polycrystalline metals,microstress and microstrain, stress concentration

In the article the scheme of the measuring stand of the device model for determining the part of the energy distributed from the generator, the scheme of the measuring stand of the model for measuring the standing water coefficient (VSWR) and the measurement of the transient resistance are presented. The best results are obtained by a partition consisting of two metal plates overlapping the path both above and below the clay layer. So, with a clay humidity of 4%, the total attenuation was 14.4 dB (-6.1 dB without a partition), and at a humidity of 16% -35 dB (-18.4 dB without a partition). There is an increase in attenuation of approximately two times compared to the case without a partition for both dry and wet clay, but the amount of attenuation is insufficient. To increase the attenuation in model 2, two consecutive resonators were created. But the attenuation in this case increased insignificantly in comparison with one resonator. It is obvious that two resonators are upset because of mutual influence on each other. Therefore, it is proposed in a real installation between these two resonators to place a section of a waveguide of nonresonant length with an absorber that will eliminate the coupling between the resonators.

Keywords: measuring stand, super-high-frequency installation, brick, drying, firing, power, structure, electrodynamic modeling, experimental setup