The results of computational experiments to determine the characteristics of the porous piezoelectric ceramics based on the methodology, including the effective modules method, simulations of representative volumes on a simple random method and the method of Witten-Sander, finite element method to solve static piezoelectric problems for heterogeneous composite media and the accounting of inhomogeneous polarization near the pores are presented. A comparison of the results of computer simulation with the known experimental data for the porous material PZT-4 and its analogs is realized. It is concluded that the accounting of inhomogeneous polarization in the vicinity of porous provide the better agreement between numerical results and large number of known experimental data. Thus, for most effective constants the smallest errors are obtained for a representative volume of the porous piezoelectric material, constructed by Witten-Sander method.

Keywords: piezocomposite, porous piezoelectric ceramics, inhomogeneous polarization, mathematical modelling, models of representative volumes, finite element method, effective moduli

Piezoelectric ceramics on the basis of the phase of (1-x) PbTiO3-xPbZrO3 is the basis of most high-performance piezoelectric materials. Electrophysical and mechanical properties of these materials can vary widely in different ways. Traditional methods include changes in composition within the morphotropic region and doping. Now is the study of the influence of topical makrolegirovaniya the material properties of the PZT system. As a model system was selected phase of the PZT system, the compositions of which MO belong, one of which contains a dopant in the sublattice (A) and another - in the sublattice dopants (B). The studies established that one of the effective ways of varying the parameters piezomaterials may be the formation of solid solutions on the basis of two or more piezoelectric phases having different combinations of electrical parameters  

Keywords: Piezoelectric ceramics, doping, kombinorovanie, pezofaza, piezo

  Influence of a method of manufacture of porous ceramic frames on the basis of system Lead zirconate titanate (PZT) on their microstructure is set. It is shown that when using a method of formation of the frame based on deleting a porophore, the microstructure of a target product depends as by nature a steam generator, and the sizes of particles of a porophore and piezo-phase. Frames with preferentially open nature of porosity create porophore systems decaying or being sublimed in case of temperature increase.  If the porophore to its thermal destruction or evaporation melts, the ceramic frame will have, preferentially, closed nature of porosity. Within the second of probed methods of porous frames creation based on expansion of an amorphous phase, synthesized within a method volume «chemical construction», samples with diameter of pores from 70-90 nanometers to 450-500 nanometers and the mixed nature of porosity are received.

Keywords: ceramic frames, piezoelectric phases lead zirconate-titanate (PZT), piezoelectric composites with connection 3 - 3 and 3 – 0

The article describes methods allows to control the degree of anisotropy piezoelectric ceramics based on doped phase PbTiO3. As a model of the object has been selected phase of Pb0,76Ca0,24Ti0,94(Cd0,5W0,5)0,06O3. The model phase was obtained by the following methods: by solid state reaction method and the chemical construction. For comparison phases obtained by these methods were used modern analytical research methods (DTA, TGA, XRF, XRD, power and tunneling microscopy, computer-program research results). Piezoceramic samples were obtained from the synthesized phases and electrical parameters were measured. Were revealed that the samples, obtained from the charge, synthesized by chemical construction had values of  piezoelectric constants d31 and d33 much more than samples obtained by the method of solid state reaction.
Keywords: piezoelectric ceramics, anisotropy, ultrasonic issue systems.

Keywords: piezoelectric ceramics, anisotropy, ultrasonic issue systems

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