This paper is devoted to the theoretical analysis and comparative characteristics of methods and algorithms for automatic identity verification based on the dynamic characteristics of a handwritten signature. The processes of collecting and preprocessing dynamic characteristics are considered. An analysis of classical methods, including hidden Markov models, support vector machines, and modern neural network architectures, including recurrent, convolutional, and Siamese neural networks, is conducted. The advantages of using Siamese neural networks in verification tasks under the condition of a small volume of training data are highlighted. Key metrics for assessing the quality of biometric systems are defined. The advantages and disadvantages of the considered methods are summarized, and promising areas of research are outlined.

Keywords: verification, signature, machine learning, dynamic characteristic, hidden Markov models, support vector machine, neural network approach, recurrent neural networks, convolutional neural networks, siamese neural networks, type I error

This article investigates the problem of structured data schema matching and aggregates the results from previous stages of the research. The systematization of results demonstrated that while the previously considered approaches show promising outcomes, their effectiveness is often insufficient for real-world application. One of the most effective methods was selected for further study. The Self-Organizing Map method was analyzed, which is based on a criterial analysis of the attribute composition of schemas, using an iterative approach to minimize the distance between points (in the current task, a point represents a schema attribute). An experiment on schema matching was conducted using five examples. The results revealed both the strengths and limitations of the method under investigation. It was found that the selected method exhibits insufficient robustness and reproducibility of results on diverse real-world datasets. The verification of the method confirmed the need for its further optimization. The conclusion outlines directions for future research in this field.

Keywords: data management, fusion schemes, machine learning, classification, clustering, machine learning, experimental analysis, data metrics

The article discusses the application of a systematic approach to the development and optimization of lithium-ion batteries (LIBs). Traditional methods that focus on improving individual components (anode, cathode, and electrolyte) often do not lead to a proportional increase in the overall performance of the battery system. The systematic approach views LIBs as a complex, interconnected system where the properties of each component directly influence the behavior of others and the overall performance, including energy and power density, life cycle, safety, and cost. The work analyzes the key aspects of the approach: the interdependence between the main components of a lithium-ion battery, as well as the features of selecting materials for each component. It is proven that only a multidisciplinary approach that combines chemistry, materials science, and engineering can achieve a synergistic effect and create highly efficient, safe, and reliable battery systems for modern applications.

Keywords: lithium-ion battery, system approach, electrode materials, degradation, optimization, cathode, LTO, NMC

Choosing the best video compression method is becoming increasingly important as the volume of online video grows rapidly. By 2026, people are predicted to watch 82% more video online than in 2020. This means finding a balance between image quality, processing speed, and file size. To achieve the desired parameters, it's crucial to choose the right codec.
This paper compares five popular codecs—MPEG-2, MPEG-4, VP9, ​​MJPEG, and ProRes. Each codec offers its own unique method for compressing video, yielding different file sizes and image quality. The goal was to determine which codec is best suited for various applications: video calls, professional filming, and online broadcasts.
The experiments were conducted on a server with four processor cores, 8 GB of RAM, and an 80 GB SSD. Measurements were taken to determine the speed of each codec, the resulting file size, and the video quality. Based on the results of these tests, recommendations were made on which codec to choose and how it can be improved in different scenarios.

Keywords: video codec, MPEG-2, MPEG-4, VP9, MJPEG, ProRes, AVC, compression, coding

The principles of biophilic design are becoming a key component of the architectural design of medical facilities due to the well-known psychological impact of natural elements on patients and medical staff. The inclusion of natural elements, such as the use of plants, natural light and shade, colors found in nature, and naturally occurring patterns and curves, in medical facilities has been shown to create a psychologically safe environment that promotes the health and well-being of patients and staff. This article explores the fundamental principles of biophilic design, the scientific evidence supporting its therapeutic effects, and practical examples of its use in healthcare settings to improve psychological health and well-being. This work contributes to the existing body of knowledge on biophilic design by providing an up-to-date review of recent research and real-world applications, including challenges

Keywords: biophilia, biophilic design, sustainable architecture, healthcare architecture, well-being, sustainability, biophilic architecture

The article describes a program that reminds users to change their account password in a timely manner, in order to comply with information security requirements and prevent "hacks" and network attacks. The program is developed using a virtual machine (Virtual Box), followed by the installation of the Linux Mint operating system. The software is written in Python programming language, using libraries such as: notify2 (a package for displaying desktop notifications in Linux), schedule (a library for scheduling regular tasks), and other libraries. During the development of Python software for timely password change of the user, key functions were implemented that ensure security and convenience of work: checking the validity of the password, notifying the user.

Keywords: Cyber hygiene, password protection, cybersecurity, programming language, Astra Linux, operating system, graphic editor, software product, program, user account, information security, virtual machine

The practice of producing optical interference coatings shows that when using new thin-film materials, obtaining optical products with specified quality function requirements depends on the accuracy of their refractive index. The results of its evaluation on large frequency crystals differ, which does not allow narrowband filters with the required technical parameters. This article proposes an approach to estimating the parameters of the refractive index of a thin film based on solving the inverse synthesis problem, which is based on the experimental determination of the thickness of sprayed films using an X-ray fluorescence coating thickness analyzer and data on the reflection coefficient spectrum obtained using a broadband spectrophotometer. The numerical modeling carried out during the study showed that even if there are 5% tolerances for estimating the thickness of coatings, a fairly accurate determination of the refractive index can be expected. The correctness of the results of using this approach was verified by using a thin film with a known refractive index, which was also determined using the proposed method of numerical modeling of the reflection spectrum of the digital twin coating.

Keywords: interference coating, numerical modeling, reflection coefficient spectrum

The article forms the task of hierarchical classification of texts, describes approaches to hierarchical classification and metrics for evaluating their work, examines in detail the local approach to hierarchical classification, describes different approaches to local hierarchical classification, conducts a series of experiments on training local hierarchical classifiers with various vectorization methods, compares the results of evaluating the work of trained classifiers.

Keywords: classification, hierarchical classification, local classification, hierarchical presicion, hierarchical recall, hierarchical F-measure, natural language processing, vectorization

Разработан алгоритм и составлена программа на языке программирования Python для расчета численных значений оптимального оператора фильтрации с запаздыванием для L-марковского процесса с квазирациональной спектральной плотностью, являющегося обобщением марковского процесса с рациональным спектром. В основе построения оптимального оператора фильтрации с запаздыванием лежит спектральная теория случайных процессов. Расчетная формула оператора фильтрации была получена с использованием теории L-марковских процессов, методов вычисления стохастических интегралов, теории функций комплексного переменного и методов тригонометрической регрессии. Рассмотрен интересный с точки зрения управления сложными стохастическими системами пример L-марковского процесса (сигнала) с квазирациональным спектром. За основу при построении математической модели оптимального оператора фильтрации с запаздыванием была взята тригонометрическая модель. Показано, что значения оператора фильтрации с запаздыванием представляются линейной комбинацией значений принимаемого сигнала в определенные моменты времени и значений синусоидальных и косинусоидальных функций в те же моменты. Установлено, что числовые значения оператора фильтрации существенно зависят от параметра β совместной спектральной плотности принимаемого и передаваемого сигналов, в связи с чем в работе рассматривались три разные задачи прохождения сигнала через разные физические среды. Установлено, что абсолютная величина действительной части оператора фильтрации на всех трех интервалах изменения срока запаздывания и во всех трех средах превышает абсолютную величину мнимой части в среднем в два и более раз. Построены графики зависимости действительных и мнимых частей оператора фильтрации от срока запаздывания τ, а также трехмерные графики зависимости самого оператора фильтрации с запаздыванием от срока запаздывания. Дано физическое обоснование полученным результатам.

Keywords: random process, L-Markov process, noise, delayed filtering, spectral characteristic, filtering operator, trigonometric trend, standardized approximation error

A mathematical model has been constructed, an algorithm has been developed, and a program has been written in the Python programming language for calculating the numerical values of the optimal filtering operator with a forecast for an L-Markov process with a quasi-rational spectrum. The probabilistic model of the filtering operator formula has been obtained based on the spectral analysis of L-Markov processes using methods for calculating stochastic integrals, the theory of analytical functions of a complex variable, and methods for correlation and regression analysis. Considered an example of L-Markov process, the values of the optimal filtering operator with a forecast for which it was possible to express in the form of a linear combination of the values of the process at some moments of time and the sum of numerical values of cosines and sines at the same moments. The basis for obtaining the numerical values of the filtering operator was the mathematical model of trigonometric regression with 16 harmonics, which best approximates the process under study and has a minimum

Keywords: random process, L-Markov process, prediction filtering, spectral characteristics, filtering operator

The article describes the process of developing a volumetric display for information and communication interaction in the Arctic, where traditional means of visualization and communication face the challenges of extreme climate, isolation and limited infrastructure. An analysis of the main areas of using volumetric in the Arctic zone is carried out. The main disadvantages of methods for creating a volumetric image in existing 3D displays are considered. Taking into account the main tasks to be solved - creating the illusion of a three-dimensional object for a group of people (more than 2 people) at a wide viewing angle - a description and analysis of two main developed configurations of the optical system is given, the latter of which meets the requirements, ensuring stable operation in Arctic conditions and opening up prospects for implementation in remote and hard-to-reach regions of the Far North.

Keywords: volume display, arctic zone, 3D image, system analysis, lens, optical system, computer modeling

The paper considers the synthesis of a non-stationary automatic control system for braking the wheels of a heavy vehicle using the generalized Galerkin method. The research method under consideration is used to solve the problem of synthesizing a non-stationary system whose desired program motion is specified at the output of a nonlinear element. The paper presents the results of studying the impact of non-stationarity on the parameters of the fixed part of the system (object) on the deterioration of the quality of the transient process. For critical operating conditions, the parameters of the controller were recalculated, and the results of accounting for non-stationarity and re-synthesis were evaluated.

Keywords: automatic control system, regulator, braking system, unsteadiness of parameters, generalized Galerkin method

The article proposes the development of a mathematical model that includes an integrated approach to modeling the interaction of surfaces, taking into account the geometric features of the groove. An important aspect of the novelty of the work is its validation based on experimental data. To describe the movement of the lubricant in the working gap, a model is used that describes the movement of a truly viscous lubricant, including the continuity equation. The calculations and experiments performed have confirmed the adequacy of the proposed model, which indicates the possibility of its practical application for engineering analysis and design. The results of this work made it possible to improve the understanding of the mechanism of movement of the lubricant in radial sliding bearings having a polymer coating with an axial groove on the shaft surface. Studies have also shown that the presence of a groove on the shaft surface affects the pressure distribution, which, in turn, affects the tribotechnical parameters of the bearing. The introduction of the groove helps to distribute the lubricant more efficiently over the working gap, increase the bearing capacity of the bearing, reduce the coefficient of friction and reduce wear on the contact surfaces.

Keywords: radial bearing, wear resistance assessment, antifriction polymer coating, groove, hydrodynamic mode, verification

This paper proposes a mathematical model of the laminar flow of a truly viscous lubricant in the clearance of a radial plain bearing with a nonstandard support profile. The influence of a fluoroplastic-containing polymer coating and a groove on the shaft surface is considered, taking into account nonlinear effects, which improves the accuracy of the description of hydrodynamic processes. Thin-film approximations and continuity equations are used to determine the hydrodynamic pressure, load capacity, and friction coefficient. A comparison with existing calculation models demonstrated improved performance prediction. The results demonstrate the feasibility of ensuring stable shaft floatation, confirming the applicability of the developed model for engineering calculations of bearings with a polymer coating and a groove.

Keywords: radial plain bearing, mathematical modeling, true viscous lubricant, polymer composite coating, hydrodynamic regime, tribotechnical characteristics

The article examines the features of adaptive design in construction as a fundamental component for ensuring life safety in the zone of a special military operation. The modern world is changing at an incredible pace: climate anomalies are becoming more frequent, technological paradigms are being replaced within years, and social and economic conditions are undergoing constant transformations. Nowhere are these challenges manifested as acutely and concentratedly as in the zone of a special military operation (SMO). It is precisely here that the traditional approach to construction, focused on creating static, "frozen" objects, proves not only ineffective but also dangerous. It is being replaced by adaptive design – a philosophy and methodology that views a building or infrastructure object not as a final product, but as a living, evolving organism capable of evolving in response to direct threats and changing operational conditions. Adaptive design is a strategy for creating architectural objects and urban planning systems that can be easily modified, transformed, or repurposed in response to changes in external or internal conditions. In peacetime, this is a response to changing markets and technologies. In the zone of a special military operation, it is a matter of ensuring life safety. This is not simply post-factum repair or reconstruction, but the inherent ability of an object to instantly change its function and protective properties without radical rebuilding. The experience of the special military operation zone has openly proven that adaptive design is not an abstract idea from construction textbooks, but a critically important discipline upon which people's lives and the success of the assigned task depend. The principles of flexibility, modularity, and multifunctionality that are being tested today in extreme conditions will tomorrow become the new standard for the entire construction complex of the Russian Federation. They will form the basis for the restoration of cities, the creation of sustainable civil infrastructure, and the formation of new, anti-crisis architecture capable of withstanding the challenges of both wartime and peacetime. In the zone of a special military operation, architectural heritage is being tested and created, which will remain functional, in demand, and sustainable tomorrow. The future of construction belongs to those who design not for years, but for possibilities.

Keywords: adaptive construction, modern trends, modern design technologies, construction industry, construction processes, special military operation