The application of a mechanical-empirical method of designing road pavement for predicting track formation on the surface of road structures is discussed in the article . The occurrence of ruts is one of the most common types of defects in road surfaces, significantly reducing safety and comfort of movement. MEPDG calculation models were used in this work for assessing the stability of a road structure to the accumulation of plastic deformations. Models takes into account factors such as the intensity and axial load of transport, climatic conditions, and the physic and mechanical properties of coating materials. An example of predicting the depth of a track using the considered method is given.

Keywords: rutting, mechanical and empirical method, road pavement, forecasting, MEPDG, traffic loads, climatic conditions

During the research, a new prestressing system was developed for carbon fiber reinforced polymer plates to reinforce damaged steel beams. A parametric analysis was performed using finite element modeling. The results showed that satisfactory amplification efficiency can be achieved using the new pre-voltage system. The prestressed carbon fiber significantly increased the performance when bending beams at the elastic and elastic-plastic stages due to the use of high-strength carbon fiber plates. In addition, as the pre-voltage level increased, the amplification efficiency increased. A simple increase in the area or modulus of elasticity of the carbon fiber plate slightly improved the hardening efficiency, while the simultaneous application of prestressing clearly increases the hardening efficiency.

Keywords: reinforcement, steel beam, prestressing, new system, carbon fiber plate

The article presents an adaptive convolutional neural network for automated detection of safety violations in real time. Unlike existing solutions using static models, the proposed approach includes two key innovations. Automatic adaptation of model weights with a combination of stochastic and gradient descent methods. The algorithm dynamically adjusts the learning rate and the depth of parameter modification, which makes it possible to preserve previously acquired knowledge while further training on new data without degrading accuracy. Optimized context processing mechanism – the model analyzes not only objects (for example, the absence of a helmet), but also their relative location (a worker in a dangerous area without personal protective equipment), which reduces the number of false alarms. The developed system integrates computer vision, alert generation, and analytics modules, providing not only instant response to violations, but also long-term risk analysis. Experiments have confirmed a 15% increase in accuracy when working in changing lighting conditions and shooting angles.

Keywords: convolutional neural network, information system, industrial accidents, safety, production, model training, neural network, adaptive algorithm

Road construction plays an important role in the infrastructural development of any country. Road infrastructure is a network of roads and motorways that move goods and passengers between and within cities and regions. A well-developed road network contributes to economic growth by providing easy access to markets, reducing transport costs and facilitating more efficient logistics. Roads play an important role in providing accessibility to remote and sparsely populated regions, which contributes to the social and economic development of these areas. Modern motorways provide safer and more comfortable travel for drivers and passengers, and reduce journey times. Roads serve as an important part of the transport infrastructure for the movement of goods. They provide access to ports, railway stations and other transport hubs. Well-developed motorways contribute to the development of tourism as they make tourist destinations and attractions accessible. The article provides a statistical analysis of the construction of federal and regional highways in the period 2021-2023 for eight districts of the Russian Federation. Diagrams of the length of constructed motorways in each district are given, and the main parameters of descriptive statistics are calculated.

Keywords: roads, construction, road infrastructure, motorways, motorways, non motorways, statistical analysis

A significant number of long-span public buildings with spatial steel structures are designed, erected and exploited in our country. One of the main areas of their application are unique sports objects. In the article experience of dye penetrant inspection of the Gorki Gorod Mall's long-span steel dome's welded joints is analyzed. The shopping and entertainment center was built in Sochi for the 2014 Olympic Games. Methodology, advantages and disadvantages of dye penetrant inspection are given. Typical defects of welded joints in spatial metal structures identified by this method are described. The data obtained from the experience of use of such structures allows to actualize and expand the developing normative documents.

Keywords: defect, dome, dye penetrant inspection, grid shell, inspection, long-span structure, non-destructive testing, spatial rod structure, steel structure, welded joint

When designing flat reinforced concrete slabs, the most complex and responsible structural unit is the area where the slab is supported by the columns and walls. This is due to the action of large concentrated efforts and the greatest density of reinforcement. In view of this, the issue of choosing calculation methods that most accurately estimate the punching capacity for suchstructural units is relevant. With an increase in the ratio of the dimensions of the sides of the pushing structure, the force ceases to be distributed uniformly along the pushing contour and a concentration of forces occurs near the short side. This article is devoted to the evaluation of the results of finite element modeling and calculations of the bearing capacity for pushing in the area of ​​the end of the pier, analysis of the influence of the floor thickness, the dimensions of the pier and the class of concrete on the concentration of pushing forces in the floor near the end of the pier.

Keywords: punching shear resistance, flat reinforced concrete slab, static load

The article discusses the use of liquid chlorides of natural genesis to combat winter slipperiness. The aggressive effect of liquid chlorides on snow removal equipment, road structural elements and the environment as a whole is also studied. Methods for assessing the effect of liquid chlorides on metal and cement concrete are developed. The article presents conclusions and recommendations on the use of liquid natural chlorides to combat winter slipperiness on roads.

Keywords: liquid chloride, formation water, brine, corrosion rate, cement concrete pavement, winter slipperiness

Today in the modern world many architectural solutions are aimed at improving the quality of the environment, increasing energy efficiency by minimising the consumption of artificial light. One of the solutions to these problems is the use of natural light, thanks to which it is possible to reduce the impact of artificial lighting, reduce energy consumption. As it is known in most cases daylight enters the premises through translucent constructions, it is the correct design of windows that makes it possible to increase the flow of sunlight. Depending on the window parameters it is possible to control, distribute the natural light coming into the room. The article considers the influence of the ratio of windows to walls as one of the design options for optimising natural light. The research will be carried out with application of modelling in the software complex for calculation of distribution of daylight.

Keywords: natural light, natural light factor, translucent structures, optimisation, area, modelling, walls, working surface, illuminance, vertical expansion, horizontal expansion, recommendations, model, energy efficiency

The work deals with the study of the reliability of welded joints of pipeline systems, provided that there are various types of defects in the welds: external undercuts, internal undercuts, pores. Finite element modeling of welded joints was performed and the intensity of operating stresses was calculated using the Ansys application software package. Stress concentration coefficients are calculated and the probability of trouble-free operation of welded joints in the presence of the considered defects is estimated. The data obtained can be used in the design and optimization of pipeline system elements.

Keywords: modeling, reliability indicators, welded joint of piping systems

The article discusses the features of modeling composite reinforced concrete beams from various (B25 and B65) concrete strength classes. The basic principles of the theory of composite rods were applied in the modeling process. The section of the reinforced concrete beam was divided by boundary layers with a reduced shear coefficient. The stresses and the nature of the distribution of deformations over the height of the beam section were evaluated before and after the introduction of a different number of boundary layers. During the extended analysis, options for introducing vertically arranged boundary layers along the length of the beam were considered. Based on the results obtained, it was possible to evaluate the specifics of the operation of bent structures with a different number of boundary layers.

Keywords: contact zone, contact characteristic, shear modulus, shear calculation, composite structure, reinforced concrete beam made of high-strength concrete

The article discusses the issues associated with the preparation of hot water in individual apartment heating systems that use a secondary plate heat exchanger of the boiler. The drawbacks of this approach are highlighted, including delays in hot water supply, the need to drain water from the pipeline, the inability to regulate temperature and flow rate, as well as the lack of recirculation capabilities. As an alternative, a system with a storage tank and a plate heat exchanger is proposed, which ensures stable water temperature, adjustable flow rate, resource savings, and the possibility of recirculation. Based on experimental studies, the heat transfer coefficient for heat exchangers with profiled and flat plates has been determined. Calculations of the required heat exchanger area are provided, depending on the type of plates, the volume of the storage tank, and its charging time, which allows for the optimization of hot water supply system design.

Keywords: plate heat exchanger, storage tank, heat transfer coefficient

The article is devoted to the development of modular construction in Russia and related problems. Given the ongoing shortage of living space and the need to modernize the housing stock, modular construction is a promising solution for the rapid construction of affordable housing. Despite the advantages such as faster implementation times, high flexibility and adaptability to various needs, and the ability to quickly dismantle and expand buildings, the technology faces serious challenges in Russia. The lack of a unified regulatory framework and certification brings additional difficulties with financing and lack of infrastructure, which significantly limits the mass use of modular structures. These factors slow down the process of integrating modular construction into domestic construction practice. At the same time, international experience and successful examples of the implementation of such projects, such as the Habitat 67 residential complex in Canada and the high-rise building "Naikagin Capsule Tower" in Japan, demonstrate the possibilities of modular construction in various sectors. Russia continues to actively work on the adaptation of modular technologies, which opens up prospects for solving housing problems and the rapid construction of social facilities. In the country modular construction can play an important role in solving housing problems, especially in regions where traditional construction methods are economically impractical. Despite the existing problems, the implementation of this technology continues to evolve, which opens up prospects for future growth and improvement of the construction industry in Russia.

Keywords: modular construction, energy efficiency, prefabricated buildings, regulatory and technical documentation, block modules, modular systems, frame buildings, modular buildings, modular construction technology

The article introduces a methodology for verifying BIM models of capital construction facilities. This approach focuses on dynamic assessment of intersection collision weights, combining geometric analysis, statistical methods, and adaptive metric weighting. Key metrics considered include granularity, geometry errors, tessellation complexity, and fill factor. The proposed methodology utilizes Python implementation with IfcOpenShell, leveraging a multithreaded architecture to significantly reduce data processing time. Testing on 20 multidisciplinary models highlights critical problematic elements such as walls, beams, and air ducts. The results demonstrate that adaptive weight distribution effectively identifies and prioritizes potential errors, improving the accuracy and reliability of BIM models. The study's findings are crucial for enhancing design and construction processes. By accurately assessing and mitigating errors, the methodology reduces project delays, cost overruns, and safety risks. It also promotes better coordination among project stakeholders, streamlining workflows and improving project outcomes. In conclusion, the proposed methodology is a valuable tool for verifying BIM models, ensuring the integrity and quality of capital construction projects. Its application can lead to more efficient, cost-effective, and reliable construction processes, benefiting both developers and end-users.

Keywords: TIM, collisions, verification, dynamic weights, adaptive metrics, algorithms, IfcOpenShell, python, standard deviation

When designing engineering protection, it is necessary to use modern and progressive technologies. The technical decisions made must comply with the fundamentals of design - economic and operational efficiency. This article discusses the methods and principles of operation necessary for hazard assessment and the development of effective measures to prevent and reduce risks in the design, selection of optimal solutions and recommendations for the development of engineering protection projects. A section of a public highway of local significance in the Krasnodar Territory was selected during the survey. The materials of engineering and geological studies of the slope were used as initial data, which included reconnaissance route observations, engineering and geological workings with soil sampling, and determination of the physico-mechanical characteristics of the soils.

Keywords: engineering protection, surveys, design, stability, reconstruction, soil, landslide slope

The presented program for operation/monitoring of the mill foundation includes monitoring the development of crack width by installing beacons, monitoring the foundation vibration by means of sensors installed in the equipment structure and geodetic monitoring of foundation settlement by means of an electronic tacheometer and a level. Monitoring was performed due to an increase in the vibration level of the equipment installed on the foundation and the detection of foundation defects in the form of cracks and concrete chips.

Keywords: monitoring, bearing capacity, foundation, dynamic load, concrete, reinforcement

The article proposes to strengthen the upper chord of the triangular spacer system with fiberglass. The material used for strengthening shows high efficiency in increasing the strength of the wooden element for the 1st group of limit states. The material proposed for strengthening does not lead to a change in the original decorative expressiveness of wooden structures, and maintains the service life.

Keywords: spacer structure, upper chord, glued laminated board element, modulus of elasticity, volumetric weight, geometric characteristics, bending moment, longitudinal compressive force, structural reinforcement, composite material

Numerical studies of the temperature and humidity properties of three types of enclosing exterior walls have been performed using gas-silicate autoclave hardening blocks as the base, and a comparative analysis of the results of the study with the results of research by other authors has been carried out. The design features affecting the condensation of moisture in multilayer walls are revealed. It has been found that multilayer walls have a number of disadvantages that affect their performance and durability, in particular, the presence of materials with different vapor permeability and moisture absorption, which leads to the accumulation of moisture inside the wall. The prospects of using single-layer structures and the importance of choosing the right material for the finishing layer are shown. An example of the use of a finishing material based on acrylic and marble chips is given, and the need for further research of this material is shown.

Keywords: gas silicate block, condensation zone, plaster facade, finishing material, acrylic, marble chips

In the practice of hydraulic engineering construction, especially in mountainous and foothill areas, quite often there are conditions under which it is economically advantageous to build a dam reservoir from heterogeneous local materials with different filtration characteristics. As a rule, in such areas near the site of the future dam there is not enough homogeneous construction soil that meets all the requirements. However, it is possible to find soils that differ in water permeability, but in sufficient quantity for the construction of the body of this dam.

Keywords: reservoir, dam, filtration, soil, section, pool, anti-seepage core, flow, slope

The effectiveness of advanced pavement defect detection algorithms is considered depending on the data collection devices used, such as cameras, GPR, LiDAR and IMU sensors installed in smartphones. Rational use of these hardware and software tools will allow utilities to identify and eliminate road surface defects in a timely manner, thereby improving road safety.

Keywords: transportation sector, pavement defects, mobile road laboratories, neural network algorithms, computer vision

The article considers the influence of seismic load at different points on underground polyethylene gas pipelines in areas of possible earthquakes. It is revealed that the seismic load is the main load affecting underground gas pipelines. The critical ratio of the bending radius to the diameter of the gas pipeline is investigated. It is proved that with a bending radius of at least 25 pipe diameters, the pipeline retains its strength in areas with increased seismic hazard.

Keywords: underground gas pipelines, seismic activity, loads, bending radius, structural strength

The problem of concrete strength control when using permanent formwork is considered. The results of the analysis of the experience of using the dependences of concrete strength on temperature-time parameters for forecasting and assessing the strength of concrete during its hardening, including the limits of application of the proposed dependencies, are presented. It is established that the methods of assessing the strength of concrete in a structure by its maturity allow for effective control of the strength of concrete structures concreted in permanent formwork, when there is no access to the concrete surface for non-destructive testing. Recommendations are given on the use of temperature-time dependencies for predicting concrete strength and the equipment used to implement the method, presented on the Russian market.

Keywords: non-destructive methods of testing concrete strength, temperature-time parameters, strength prediction, maturity

Intensive wear of the road surface under the influence of traffic loads, climatic factors and structural features of bridges has increased the number of studies in this area. One of the promising areas for improving the operational reliability of bridge structures is filling asphalt concrete mixtures with activated rubber chips, which are highly resistant to wear and mechanical damage. Both traditional paving technologies using polymer-composite mixtures and modern technologies using asphalt concrete filled with activated rubber chips are considered. The advantages of using recycled rubber, which increases the traction properties, wear resistance and durability of the road surface, are considered. A comparative calculation of the cost of pavement reconstruction using the compared technologies was carried out, which showed a significant reduction in the cost of materials and laying asphalt concrete with activated rubber filler compared with polymer composite coatings.

Keywords: activated rubber chips, asphalt concrete, reconstruction of overpasses, road surfaces, wear resistance, traction properties, economic analysis, polymer composite coatings, technological process, recycled materials

The article analyzes modern approaches to the use of innovative materials to create an inclusive environment in residential buildings. The paper examines the main problems associated with the obsolescence of building materials, and offers promising solutions based on the use of adaptive and environmentally friendly technologies that enhance accessibility and comfort.

Keywords: inclusive environment, the problem of outdated materials, innovative materials, innovations, trends and prospects, bioplastics, carbon concrete, OLED panels, adaptive structures, accessibility, comfortable environment, design

The article considers the strengthening of the upper chord of the triangular strut system as a method for restoring the bearing capacity of a glued laminated timber element according to the 1st group of limit states. The strengthening allowed us to obtain as a result of calculations a strength utilization factor not exceeding the limit value.

Keywords: triangular spacer system, upper chord, glued laminated timber element, modulus of elasticity, volumetric weight, compressive force, bending moment

The article discusses the use of carbon anchor harnesses to strengthen building structures. Their design features, installation technologies, and key advantages, including low weight, high strength, corrosion resistance, and durability, are described. An overview of existing experiments demonstrating the reliability of anchor harnesses under load, their effectiveness in preventing the stratification of external reinforcement elements and increasing the strength of joints is given. The shortcomings of the regulatory framework and the lack of practical recommendations on the selection and design of anchor harnesses are indicated. The authors emphasize the need for further research to optimize the interaction of the elements of the reinforced structure-external reinforcement-anchor system.

Keywords: anchor harness, carbon fiber, load-bearing capacity, structural reinforcement, teamwork